APRIL MEETING, 1920

A Stated Meeting of the Society was held, at the invitation of Mr. Henry Herbert Edes, at No. 62 Buckingham Street, Cambridge, on Thursday, 29 April, at eight o’clock in the evening, the President, Fred Norris Robinson, Ph.D., in the chair.

The Records of the last Stated Meeting were read and approved.

The President appointed the following Committees in anticipation of the Annual Meeting:

To nominate candidates for the several offices, — Dr. CHARLES LEMUEL NICHOLS, and Messrs. RICHARD CLIPSTON STURGIS and JULIUS HERBERT TUTTLE.

To examine the Treasurer’s accounts, — Messrs. John Eliot Thayer and John Lowell.

The Corresponding Secretary reported that a letter had been received from Mr. George Russell Agassiz accepting Corresponding Membership.

The President announced the death at Cambridge on the 29th of March of Andrew McFarland Davis, a Resident Member.113

Mr. Henry H. Edes read the following letter:

3, Buckingham Gate, S. W.

25th March, 1920.

Dear Mr. Johnson

Thank you for your letter. I am greatly interested to hear of the progress you are making with the celebration of the landing of the Pilgrims. That event is one of the great events in the history of the English-speaking world, which well deserves to be commemorated, and I heartily hope that the spirit shown by the Pilgrims will maintain itself on both sides of the Atlantic, in your people and in ours.

I wish I could think that that particular spirit was having the influence in Continental Europe among the new states that are rising there, which I see that you wish it should have. Some of them, so far, at any rate, do not seem to me to have imbibed or to be giving effect to the great principles for which the great minds of both Britain and America have so long stood. We must hope that this will come in due course.

Believe me,

Faithfully yours,

James Bryce.

Alfred Johnson, Esq.

Mr. ALBERT MATTHEWS made the following remarks on—

A GHOST BENEFACTOR OF HARVARD COLLEGE

As there are ghost words and ghost books — that is, words and books which have no real existence114 — so too are there ghost benefactors of Harvard College. Writing about 1831 Peirce remarked:

A legacy of £40 was bequeathed to the college by Deacon William Trusdale, and one by Mr. Henry Ashworth115 of £100 sterling. Whether these two legacies were received, it does not appear.116

In 1840 Quincy, after naming certain benefactors, went on to say:

Besides the above, the following donations appear on the books of the College, from which it is not known that any thing has been received, viz. . . .

1693. Deacon William Trusdale, . . . £40 0 0117

In his pamphlet on Harvard College and its Benefactors, published in 1846, Samuel A. Eliot was silent as to such a legacy; but in a book published two years later, he recorded the following:

1683 Deacon William Trusedale bequeathed £40 — “and still remains due to the College,” says the record.118

These statements had for their basis three items found in the College records. The first item, appended to “Sundry Donations to the Colledge received by Cap^t John Richards Trear̄.,” reads as follows:

1683 More Donations not containd in Cap^t Richards Account. & are yet resting due to the Coll.

Deacon William Trusedales legacy 040 00 00119

The second item, dated March 5, 1683, in “An Acco^t of the Estate belonging to Harvard Colledge under the Care of Sam^l Nowell Esq^r. delivr^d unto him by Thomas Danforth,” is this:

Legacy of Deacon Trusedall. Exc^rs of W^m Gilbert 040 00 00120

The third item reads:

1683 Deacon William Trusdale bequeathed forty pound.

M^r Henry Ashworth bequeath’d one hundred pounds Ster^g in Coll Book N^o 3 p 59, These two Legacys are mentioned as Remaining due to the Colledge Viz^t 1683 nothing is afterwards said about them121

No trace of a William Trusedale can be found in New England at that time.122 But the designation of “Deacon,” applied to Trusedale in all these items, sufficiently proves that the person meant was not William Trusedale but Richard Trusedale, who joined the First Church on July 27, 1634,123 became a deacon of that church in 1650,124 in 1669 was one of the seceders to the Third (Old South) Church,125 and died in 1671. But in his will, dated September 9, 1669, and proved January 4, 1671, there is no mention of a legacy to Harvard College.126

But if Deacon Richard Trusedale was not the benefactor, who was? Previous to 1834, only three Trusedales are to be found in the Suffolk Probate Files. On January 30, 1677, “Power of Administracon to the Estate of the late Richard Truesdail of Roxburough dec^d is granted unto Katharin his Relict.”127 This Richard Trusedale was a nephew of Deacon Richard Trusedale; but, like his uncle, could not have been the benefactor.

There remains Mary Trusedale, the widow of Deacon Richard Trusedale. Her will, without specific date but drawn up in 1672 by John Hull, contains these items: “. . . morover I doe give unto Harvard Colledge at Cambridge forty Pound in money . . . Moreover I doeordaine Constitute & appoint my Couzen William Gilbert sole Exec^r of this my will . . . I do Desire that all my Legacies may be paid in money & within six months after my decease.”128 Here, then, is revealed the identity of the benefactress who for two hundred and thirty-seven years or more has masqueraded as “Deacon William Trusedale.” Even if the money — as in the case of too many other legacies in the early days — was never received, it is just that in future the name of Mary Trusedale should take its place beside those of Lady Ann (Radcliffe) Mowlson, Bridget Wines, Judith Finch, Mary Anderson, and perhaps one or two others, as one of the few benefactresses of Harvard College during the seventeenth century.

Mr. Arthur Lord exhibited a forgery which purported to be a document signed by Myles Standish and remarked upon its having been facsimiled by John Fiske and Woodrow Wilson in their historical publications before the spurious character of the paper was discovered. Mr. Lord also discussed several signatures of John Robinson, claimed to be autographs of the Rev. John Robinson, and announced the recent discovery in Holland of a letter bearing what is probably a genuine autograph of the Leyden pastor.

Mr. Worthington C. Ford remarked upon the injury which can be done by the suppression of names that occur in diaries and letters through a mistaken over-sensitiveness for the feelings of the persons mentioned or of the members of their families, and cited instances that occur in the Life and Letters of John Hay and in Colonel Thomas L. Livermore’s Days and Events, 1860–1866.

Mr. Percival Merritt gave an account of a hitherto unnoted clergyman of King’s Chapel in Boston — the Rev. Robert Boucher Nickols, who was curate to Dr. Caner just before the Revolution and was subsequently settled in Salem. Mr. Merritt traced his later career in England until his death in 1814.

Mr. Julius H. Tuttle made the following communication, written by Professor Howard J. Hall of Stanford University:

TWO BOOK–LISTS: 1668 AND 1728

A search of the Suffolk County Probate Records for the first forty years has brought to light some interesting book-lists. The recorded wills and inventories of these years show the high importance of books in the minds of the planters and their children. Generalities and statistics both are liable to mislead, but it may be noted that a search for book items through year after year of this period shows books mentioned in between forty-five and fifty per cent of all the inventories, including those lumped under such inclusive heads as personal and real property and those itemized in painful detail, with a range in value from a few shillings to thousands of pounds. To the searcher it is rewarding to come across two or three books in inventories revealing the utmost poverty; and it is tantalizing to find other property lists that show a high degree of comfort and the beginning of luxury in which the books are merely appraised at twenty-five or a hundred pounds. Among these early inventories with book lists two seem worthy of especial mention.

The Ratcliff Invoice, 1668

An early document of the Boston book trade is an inventory of Thomas Ratcliff, stationer, of Wapping, England, covering books and stationer’s goods in the hands of John Ratcliff, of Boston, stationer. John Ratcliff appears as binder of Eliot’s Indian Bible129 in 1664. To him and Alice, his wife, are born sons John and Thomas and a daughter Elizabeth in 1664, 1666, and 1669.130 He is one of those citizens of Boston who in 1664 petition the General Court on October 19 that the Charter rights of the Colony be confirmed and continued.131 In 1667 he is a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company.132 Samuel Sewall in a commonplace-book notes, “Samuel Sewall, his Booke, Decemb. 29, 1677. Bound by Jno. Ratcliff.”133

Thomas notes him as a bookseller for whom was printed Cotton Mather’s youthful poem upon President Urian Oakes, and for whom and John Griffin was published the Rev. Joseph Rowlandson’s last sermon.134 These were printed in 1682. Thomas further says that Ratcliff did little work as a bookseller, but that a few pamphlets were printed for him. After 1682 John Ratcliff apparently disappears from Massachusetts. It seems likely that he removed with his family from the vicinity of Boston, for outside the present entry the name of Ratcliff, in any form, does not again appear in the Suffolk County Probate Records for more than two hundred years.

The inventory that follows, together with the preamble and the attached power of administration, explains itself. The books are of the class to be found on the shelves of the colonists generally, not alone in ministers’ libraries. The consignment was treated apparently by the court as if to have been sold on commission as the venture of Thomas Ratcliff, of Wapping, and not as an order at the risk of John. The binding materials John would of course buy for his own use; the books he would sell on commission. It will be noted that the items on seamanship and navigation are usually of several copies each, but that the books of divinity are usually of a single copy. It would be interesting to know whether these latter represent a special order sent to England or whether they are wholly a venture on Thomas Ratcliff’s part to feel the Boston market. Such ventures were not unknown.135

An Inuentory of Certaine parcells of Bookes pasboards parchments &c sent ouer by the late m^r Thomas Ratlife of Wapping station^r sent over to his Brother John Ratlife of Boston station^r &c as found in the Dep^ty Gov^rs Warehouse, Taken and Apprized by m^r Hezekiah Usher as they cost in England, as neere as he could: 15 July 1668

	£	s	d
3 dozen of duble pasboards	000:	12:	-
8 dozen & ½ of single pasboards	000:	05:	6
1 doz: of barromes	000:	07:	-
1 doz: of Parchment	000:	05:	-
1 doz: of red ship skins	000:	08
1 diodates Annotius in folio bound	000:	19:	-
1 newmans Concordance in folio bound	000:	18:	-
1:vollume of Pembles workes in folio bound	000:	08:	-
2:gunters workes bound	000:	16:	-
12:seamans Callenders in sheets	000:	16:	-
6:seamans seacrets	000:	06:	-
6:seamans glass	000:	06:	-
12:seamans Practises	000:	18:	-
6:norwoods Epitamy	000:	09:	-
5:nauagat^rs	000:	07:	6
1 Geometricall seaman	000:	01:	6
2:norwoods Doctrin of Dryangles in sheets	000:	09:	-
4:Allens vindication in Octauo	000:	08:	-
2:Beuis on Religeon in Octauo	000:	01:	6
6:norwoods Epittamy bound	000:	09:	-
2:smiths on Rethorick in Octauo	000:	02:	-
4:of the Godlimans Portion in Octauo	000:	04:	9
3:Bookes of m^r Hennings, Things worth Thinkinton in Octauo	000:	04:	6
6 Dyers Cabbinet of Jewells in 12	000	06
2:Jacksons Enottomy in 12	000:	04:	-
2:Goldberryes on Prodiges in Octauo	000:	03:	-
2:Bookes of Kings in Octauo	000:	03:	-
1:Brookes his Ark	000:	01:	4
1:doctrine of Law & grace in Octauo	000:	01:	4
1:Predix Compendium in quarto	000:	05:	-
1:Baker vpon Gardening in quarto	000:	04:	-
1:Arons Rodd quarto	000:	04:	6
1:Simson on vnbeleife:quarto	000:	04:	0
1:Swinnock on faith in q^rto	000:	13:	06
1:Mecouia Pedamea in q^rto	000:	05:	-
1:streets soliectall motions q^rto	000:	02:	06
1:Griffith sermons q^rto	000:	02:	06
1:Hollinger Historagraphræ q^rto	000:	02:	06
1:Watsons Cordiall Octauo	000:	01:	06
1:Hoddars Arethmatick: 12	000:	01:	00
1:Triggs secrets	000:	01:	00
2:Brownes Rules	000:	02:	-
1:Phillips Patterne	000:	01:	-
2:streets Appendix to Astronomy in q^rto	000:	06:	-
1:Lattin brooke in quarto	000:	00:	00
1:Jewell of Arethmaticque in q^rto sticht	000:	03:	-
1:doz bound Paper Books in q^rto	000:	10:	-
6:in parchement in q^rto: 1 quire	000:	03:	06
2:doz bound Paper Bookes in Octauo:20:sheets	000:	10:	-
1:doz: in leather half quires	000:	07:	06
2:doz: bound in Leather: 12	000:	14:	-
1:Roswells Case & Cure in 12	000:	01:	-
	017:	03:	08

Att a meeting of the major Generall John Leveret & Edw: Tyng Esq^r with the Record^r in Boston this : 24 : July : 1668

Power of Administration to the Estate of the late m^r Thomas Ratlife, of Wapping station^r as found in this Jurisdiction is granted to John Ratliffe his Brother in right & behalfe of the children left by the sajd Thomas Ratliffe, hee giuing Bond to Administer there vpon According to Law.

As Attests: Edw Rawson Record^r

24 July 1668

John Ratliffe deposed that this paper contains a just & true Inuentory of soe much of his late Brother Tho: Ratlife his Estate, as is come to his hands & knowledge that when hee knowes more hee will discouer the same

ꝑ EDW Rawson Record^r136

The Greene Inventory, 1728

Judge Sewall in his Diary, August 9, 1714, wrote “Last night our neighbour Green died.”137 This neighbor was Nathaniel Greene, a prosperous young merchant, a grandson of John Greene who was an associate of Roger Williams in the Providence settlement, 1638, and nephew of James Greene from whom descended General Nathaniel Greene of the Revolution. He was born at Warwick, Rhode Island, April 10, 1679. On February 27, 1704, he was married in King’s Chapel to Ann, daughter of Thomas and Frances (Robinson) Gould, of Boston, about eighteen years of age. In his will written two days before his death he mentions five children to whom he leaves one hundred and fifty pounds each with equal shares in Rhode Island land. His wife he makes residuary legatee and “full and sole executrix.” The widow Greene increased the property; and by her will of November 27, 1727, in which she describes herself as “widow and shopkeeper,” she leaves all of the property to her five sons equally, the eldest of whom, Thomas, she makes sole executor. The total estate as inventoried four months later sums up to more than £7000, consisting of shop and household goods, books, and the Rhode Island land still undivided and much increased in value. It was the children of Thomas Greene who left to Trinity Church in Boston the “Greene Foundation” of £500 for the maintenance of assistant ministers.138

In the long and minutely detailed inventory of the property left by Mrs. Greene in 1728 the books are of chief interest, one hundred and twenty-four titles from folios to unnamed pamphlets. They are mostly works of divinity, to be sure, but a careful look down the columns shows to one who has become familiar with seventeenth century book-lists that here is something different. Even the divinity is of lighter type. “Pilgrims Progress” and “Grace Abounding” appear, surprisingly rare in New England lists for a generation after Bunyan’s death, when compared with the frequent appearance of such books as “Caryl on Job” and Mr. Preston’s and Dr. Sibbs’s works. For a library of this size the folios are fewer and less profound than in those of a generation before. The quartos and octavos have a fair proportion of history, and the list ends with a group of a dozen titles of fiction and romance that would indicate that the widow Greene and her family had found that books might serve for delight. Of all her books one quarter, including history, may fairly be called books of diversion or of diverting information.

An Inuentory & Apprizement of the House & Land Plate Wearing Apparel and Household Goods belonging to the Estate of Ann Green late of Boston deceased as taken Accompt of & apprized by Mess^rs Zechariah Thayer, Benj^a Simpson & Philip Bongarden the 8^th day of March 1727/8 Viz^t . . .

Books in Folio viz^t

Henry on the Bible 6 Vol	£24
Perkins’s works 3 Vol	3
Ambros’s works	3
Caves Lives	3	10
Taylers Exempler	4
Cambridge Concordance	3
Clarkes Martirology	1	10
a Quarter Wagginer	1
Herberts Travels		10
Hookers Eclesiastical Politie	1

Books in Quarto

1 Holy Bible old		8
1 Family ditto most new	2	5
The History of the old and new Testaments w^th Maps	2	10
Patricks Parrable of y^e Pilgraim		10
a Collection of Sermons by Thomas Cartwright			15
The Christian Compleatly armd		5
	51	3
Calfs Wonders of the Invisible World		2
The History of the Knight of the burning sword		3
The History of Parismus		5

Octavos &c

Y^e History of England 4 Vol^s		3
Athenian Oracles 4 Vol^s		3
Beveridge on the 39 articles			15
	on Prayer & Communion		1
	Thoughts on Religion		2	6
Sheerlock on death			10
	on Judgment		12
	on Religious assemblys		8
	on the Immortality of the Soul		12
Nelson’s Rules to Live above the World			14
	Address to Persons of Quality		5
Down’s exposition of the book of Common Prayer			16
Ray’s wisdom of God in the Works of Creation			15
Horneck’s Crucified Jesus			16
	Great Assize		8
Jenkins on the Christian Religion 2 Vols		1	10
The Bulwark storm’d			8
The Life of Leopold Emperour of Germany			5
The Life of the Revd mr George Trosse			3
Dreling court on death			6
Cole on Regeneration			5
Josephus History of the Jews			8
Articles & Canons of the Church			6
Janeway’s Heaven upon Earth			7
	his life		2	6
	Token for Children			6
Telemachus 2 Vol^s			15
State Worthies 5/Grainger’s Life 2/			7
Wadsworth on y^e Immortality of y^e Soul			4
	12 Sermons		2	6
Gods terrible Voice in the City			2
Foxcroft’s cleansing our way in Youth			3
Patrick’s Advice to a Friend			4
a Believer’s Golden Chain			4
Taylor’s Contemplations			3
Bunyan’s Sighs from Hell			2
	Grace abounding to the Chief of Sinners		2	6
Davids Repentence 4/ The Wars of England & 2/			6
Meat out of the Eater			2
		£20	5	6

Books in Octavo &c

Colman’s Incomprehensibleness of God			2
	Sermons		2	6
	Funeral Sermon on Grove Hirst		2
Grailes holy History 18^d Crisps Sermons 18^d			3
Allin’s alarm to unconverted sinners			2
Smiths great assize 3/ a spelling book 2/			5
A young man’s conflict with y. Devil			1	8
a Catechism & Confession of Faith			2	6
The Life of the Lady Margaret de la Musse			1	6
Doolittle’s Call to Delaying sinners			1	6
	a prospect of Eternity		1	6
Lives of the Primitive Christians			2
Hayward’s blood of the son of God sheed			1	6
Russel’s 7 Sermons 2/6 Jacob’s Ladder 2/			4	6
Flavel’s Token for Mourners			2	6
The Lama Sabacthany 2/ Francis Spira			4	6
The Pattern of mans Imperfections			1
Mather’s Life of M^r Cotton &c			2	6
Pilgrims Progress 2/ The barren figg Tree 2/			4
a Guide to Eternal Glory			2	6
The youth summon’d to appear at Christ’s barr			1	0
Testament of the 12 Patriarchs			1	6
The History of the holy Jesus			2
An Ark for all good Noahs			3
Christ’s sudden appearance to Judgment			3
The Existence & Omniscience of God			2
Two Journeys to Jerusalem			2
The Truimph of mercy			3
a New England Psalm book 2/8 a Ditto 1/6			4
S^r Francis Drake 2/ 9 Worthies 2/			4
Maynes Practical Gaguer 12^d Cromwell’s Life 2/			3
English Rogue 18^d French Rogue 18^d			3
Queen Elizabeth & Essex 18^d Fortunatus 12^d			2	6
Argalus & Parthenia 18^d Valentine & Orson 2/			3	6
7 Wise masters 2/7 wise Mistresses 2/			4
Destruction of Troy 18^d Fair Rosamond 18^d			3
The English Empire in America			2
Laugh & be fat 18^d Amadis de Gaul 18^d			3
Guy Earl of Warwick			1	6
a parcel of Pamphlets &c			5
		£5	6	2
7 Champions of Christendom			1	6
1 Book, Kempis on the Christians Exercis			15
[Then follows attestation] Boston March 8^th 1727/8139

Mr. M. A. DeWolfe Howe exhibited two volumes — one a collection of printed tracts, which once belonged to Judge Samuel Sewall and containing his book-plate and notes in his hand; the other a copy of Officia Sacrata, printed in 1742.

Mr. Matthews read the following —

NOTE ON ROBERT ELLISTON (1680–1756)

The second volume exhibited by Mr. Howe raises biographical and bibliographical problems of some interest. The title-page reads:

Officia Sacrata: or, Devotional Offices in the Retired Acts of Divine Adoration. With Pious Instructions prefixed, for Rectifying the Dispositions therein: And useful Sentences adjoin’d, Concluding the Parts thereof. Collected from the Sacred Writings, and Orthodox Writers of the Church. Deus Religione intelligendus, Pietate profitendus, Sensu vero persequendus non est; sed adorandus. S. Hilar. de S.Trin. MDCCXLII.140

Following the title-page is this dedication:

To the Worthy Professors of the Church of England, these Offices Are inscrib’d by Robert Elliston, the Compiler, In regard of their Orthodox Character.

The binding is modern. There are two fly-leaves of modern paper, and then a fly-leaf which belonged to the original volume. The recto of this fly-leaf is marbled, and on the verso is pasted a book-plate. Mr. Elliston used two book-plates, very similar but not identical. In each is a coat of arms, but slightly different in each case. Over the arms in one book-plate is the date “M. DCC. XXV.” and under the arms the motto “Bono Vince Malum.” Underneath are the words: “Robert Elliston Gent. Comptrol^r. of his Majestie’s Customs of New York in America.” In the other book-plate the arms are some what different, there is no date at the top, the motto at the bottom is the same, but the words underneath read: “Robert Elliston Gent Comptrol^r. of his Majesties Customs, of New York in America.” It is the latter book-plate which is pasted into Mr. Howe’s volume.141 Underneath the book-plate is written in Mr. Elliston’s hand:

By whom these Devotional Offices unto Benjamin Franklin Gent: of Philadelphia in Pensilvania are in respectfulness given.142

Of this book there is a copy in the Columbia University Library143 and another in the library of the General Theological Seminary.144 The former I have not seen, but the latter on examination proved to be bound in its original leather binding, handsomely tooled, the back being labelled “Officia Sacrata,” in two lines. On the inside of the cover is marbled paper, which extends over the recto of the first fly-leaf — thus explaining the condition of the fly-leaf in Mr. Howe’s copy, remarked upon above. Pasted on the verso of that fly-leaf is the same book-plate as that in Mr. Howe’s copy and underneath is written in Mr. Elliston’s hand: “By Whom these Devotional Offices are in beneficence given to the Parochial Library of Holy Trinity Church in N. York City.”

Of a second book compiled by Mr. Elliston, the only copy I have run down is in the library of the General Theological Seminary. This is also in its original leather binding, with marbled paper on the inside of the cover and extending over the recto of the first fly-leaf. The back of the cover is labelled “Religious Instructions,” in two lines.

The title-page reads as follows:

Cognitiones Christianismi: or, Religious Instructions, Expressive in some Strictures of Christianity, conducing to Holiness & Happiness, from Holy Church her Writings. Ut Deus piisimè colatur, hæce, animum virtute benedictâ erudiendi certitudo sint. MDCCXLII.145

The “Address Dedicatory, to the Worthy Professors of the Church of England,” is signed —

Recte legit,

qui

in opera vertit.

Robert Elliston

ΦΙΛΟΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ.

Fest. Epiphaniæ,

MDCCXLII.

On page 243 is printed the following:

On pages [244–245] is this printed inscription:

Of a third book compiled by Mr. Elliston I have seen three copies, there being a fourth in the Columbia University Library. The copy in the library of the General Theological Seminary is in its original leather binding, with marbled paper inside the cover and extending over the recto of the first fly-leaf. Underneath the book-plate is written in Mr. Elliston’s hand, “By Whom this Manual is in,” the remainder being erased. The title-page reads:

Enchiridium Polychrestum: or an Useful Manual; Containing Religious Instructions, Expressive in Some Strictures of Christianity: Extracted from Several Writings of Holy Church. In v. Partitions. Ut Deus piissimè colatur, hæce, animum virtute benedictâ erudiendi certitude sint. MDCCXL.148

“An Address Dedicatory” begins “To You, the Worthy Professors of Our Holy Church, is an Offering of this Manual, which doth contain Religious Instructions as the Title sets forth;” is signed “Sic, Vota efferimus Deo; Amen. R.E.;” and is dated “Fest. S.Matthæi. MDCCXL.”

Another copy of this book, once owned by the General Theological Seminary, is now owned by the New York Historical Society. It also is in its original leather binding, with marbled paper on the inside of the cover and extending over the recto of the first fly-leaf. Underneath the book-plate is written in Mr. Elliston’s hand: “By Whom this Enchiridium is in respectfulness given to the Rev^d M^r Jonathan Arnold Curator of S^t Andrews’s Church on Staten-Island New York.” But it has two leaves not in the copy already described. Following the Address Dedicatory is a leaf containing this printed dedication:

IOHANNI DUPUY

M. & C.

Professori Literato;

hæce

Præceptiones Christianismi,

per

R. Elliston ejus Socerum

inscriptæ:

hinc exopatur ut

ipsimet

Placitæ erint Plurimæ.149

Vigil. Omn. Sanct.

MDCCXLI.

And at the end of the book, following page 84, is a leaf which contains this printed inscription:

The third copy also once belonged to the General Theological Seminary, but is now owned by the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, to whom it was given by the late Charles R. Hildeburn on October 31, 1892. It, too, is in its original leather binding, with marbled paper inside the cover and extending over the recto of the first fly-leaf. Underneath the book-plate is written in Mr. Elliston’s hand: “By whom this Enchiridium is in benevolence given unto Richard Nicholls Gent. Attorney at Law in New-York Province.” This copy also has the two leaves not found in the copy now in the library of the General Theological Seminary.

It thus appears that the book itself is dated MDCCXL, while those two leaves are each dated MDCCXLI; and that some copies have, while other copies lack, the two leaves. These facts perhaps indicate that the book was originally issued without those two leaves, which afterwards were printed off and inserted in the copies not previously bound. The discrepancy between the date on the titlepage and the date on those two leaves is not without precedent.

The existence of three such books, compiled and distributed by an ardent Episcopalian in New York between 1740 and 1742, prompts the questions: Who was Robert Elliston? Where were the books published? By whom were the books printed?

From the inscriptions quoted above, we learn that Robert Elliston was born in London, England, on September 2, 1680; that he was employed under Edward Harley; and that in 1741 he was Comptroller of the Customs in New York. His patron in England was Edward Harley (1664–1735), a brother of Robert Harley (1661–1724, first Earl of Oxford), an uncle of Edward Harley (1689–1741, second Earl of Oxford), and the father of Edward Harley (1699–1755, third Earl of Oxford), and who in 1702 obtained the lucrative office of auditor of the imprest, which he held during life. Exactly when Elliston came to this country has not been ascertained, but he was in New York as early as 1711, in which year he contributed £1 towards the building of a steeple to Trinity Church.153 Nor is it known precisely when he became Comptroller of the Customs, but apparently he held that position in 1720 and retained it until 1755. The allusions to him are scanty and chiefly in connection with Trinity Church, of which he was a vestryman from 1713 to 1726, again in 1736, and from 1740 to 1756.154 In 1736 he gave £8 for enlarging Trinity Church,155 and (whether earlier or later does not appear) “an altar piece was prepared, according to the plan of Mr. Robert Elliston, towards which he himself contributed £20.”156 He was likewise the donor of “a very handsome silver basin . . . to receive the offerings at the Communion;”157 and on several occasions gave books to the parish library.158 This library was largely destroyed in the fire of 1776, but the books which remained were later given to the General Theological Seminary. His death was recorded in two London magazines for July, 1732;159 but, as in the case of Mark Twain, the report was “grossly exaggerated,” since he lived until March 20, 1756, as appears from a notice in the New York Mercury of March 22d:

The same Day, departed this Life in the 76th Year of his Age, Mr. Robert Eliston, a Gentleman, who for many Years past has been Comptroller of his Majesty’s Customs in this City; very remarkable for many shining Virtues, which makes his Death much lamented by all his Acquaintance.

His wife Mary, whose maiden name is unknown, survived him for nearly twenty years, dying in February, 1775, in her eighty-eighth year. Their only child, Frances, was married first to Dr. John Dupuy, to whom the Enchiridium Polychrestum was dedicated and who died in July, 1745;160 and secondly, on January 6, 1757, to the Rev. John Peter Tetard, who died December 6, 1787. She died August 2, 1808, in her ninety-second year.161

On the questions as to where the three Elliston books were published and by whom they were printed, no light is thrown by the title-pages, which, as we have already seen, give neither place of publication nor publisher’s name nor printer’s name. But two suggestions have been made, — one by the late Charles R. Hildeburn, the other by Mr. D. Berkeley Updike.

In 1889, when he compiled his List of the Issues of the Press in New York, 1693–1752,162 Hildeburn was silent as to the Elliston books. Perhaps at that time he did not know about them. However that may be, in 1892, as stated above, he gave to the Historical Society of Pennsylvania a copy of the Enchiridium Polychrestum. Three years later (1895), speaking of the New York printer James Parker, he wrote:

Parker’s first work was “Enchiridium Polychrestum,” privately printed for the author, who, according to his book-plate, was “Robert Elliston Gent Comptrol^r of his Majesties [sic] Customs of New York in America.” The title-page is dated 1740, the dedication Vigil. Omn. Sanct. [November 1] 1741, but the typography is neither Bradford’s nor Zenger’s, and is Parker’s; besides which the printer’s “flowers” used throughout it all appear in works from no other American printing-office than the latter’s. The work is highly mystical, and the author probably insisted on preserving in print the dates he affixed to his manuscript, though the book was not printed until 1742.163

This passage contains several statements that are open to challenge. First, the assertion that the book was “not printed until 1742” is a pure assumption, no evidence in its support being adduced. Secondly, the statement that the typography “is neither Bradford’s nor Zenger’s, and is Parker’s” is questionable in the extreme. To my eye the typography of all three of the Elliston books by no means resembles the typography of the few books I have seen which were printed by Parker in 1743–1746.164 Thirdly, the statement that “the printer’s ‘flowers’ used throughout it all appear in works from no other American printing-office than” Parker’s is difficult to understand. If this means that the use of “flowers” was confined in this country to Parker’s press, the statement is of course erroneous, since flowers appear in many American books of that and of an earlier period. If it means that the particular flowers “used throughout” the Enchiridium Polychrestum “all appear in works from no other American printing office than” Parker’s, I can only say that apparently none of those particular flowers appear in any of the books printed by Parker which I have examined.

Nor must the fact be overlooked that the Elliston books are dated 1740–1742, while it is questionable whether Parker established his press before 1743. Hildeburn does indeed say that Parker’s “first production was the votes of the Assembly for the latter part of 1742,”165 though according to Evans’s American Bibliography Parker did not print the Journal of the Votes and Proceedings until November, 1743. But however that may have been, no book is known to have been printed by Parker previous to 1743.166

Two years ago, after examining Mr. Howe’s volume, Mr. Updike threw out the suggestion that the book may have been printed in London by William Bowyer the younger, the “learned printer,” a notion which seems not improbable. This question can of course be determined only after a careful comparison of the Officia Sacrata and the other Elliston books with books printed by Bowyer167 — a task so tedious that the result would hardly warrant the labor.168

Meanwhile those who — like Mr. Updike, Mr. Robert H. Kelby, Mr. Worthington C. Ford, Mr. Julius H. Tuttle, and the present writer — have examined one or all of the Elliston books, agree that in typography, in binding, and in paper,169 they were doubtless of English manufacture.170

The Treasurer announced the receipt of $2000 on account of the bequest of Horace Everett Ware, which is to accumulate till 1930, when the amount, with any additions which may be made from other sources, is to be used by the Society for the erection of some memorial to the Governor and Company of the Massachusetts Bay and the transfer of the Colony charter to New England. He also reported the receipt of $30,000 from the executors of the will of George Vasmer Leverett in satisfaction of his bequests. These additions bring the total amount of the Society’s endowment up to something more than $100,000.

Mr. William C. Lane made the following communication:

THE BUILDING OF MASSACHUSETTS HALL, 1717–1720

Massachusetts Hall was completed in 1720, and was first occupied by students in the fall of that year. The story of its building is told briefly in this paper, and in the pages following are printed the documents upon which that story is founded.

It was in November, 1717, that the need for a new building to provide lodging for students first found public expression. An inspection of the Quinquennial Catalogue shows that at just this time there had been a sudden increase in the number of students. The class of 1721, which entered in 1717, graduated with 37 members, and the five classes, 1721 to 1725, averaged 39 in number. The previous five classes, 1716 to 1720, averaged only 18. Previous to the autumn of 1717 the number of students in residence must have been well under one hundred, for the four classes, 1717 to 1720, graduated with only 80 members altogether. In November, 1718, however, it is explicitly stated that there were 124 students, graduate and undergraduate, in residence. At this time the College had only two buildings in which students lodged — that which stood on the present site of Harvard Hall and was burned in 1764, in which, it is stated, there were twenty chambers in the upper story, and Stoughton College, built in 1700, containing sixteen chambers.171 These thirty-six chambers probably each contained two studies or closets, about five feet square, partitioned off from them, and accordingly would accommodate seventy-two students. There may possibly have been room for a few more than seventy-two, since the chambers in Stoughton, or some of them, may have had three studies, for in one of the plans for the new building it was proposed that three studies might be contrived in some of the chambers, which were of the same size as the chambers in Stoughton; but in any case it is evident that the supply had come to be far short of the demand.

The first step toward obtaining a new building was taken on November 14, 1717, when at a meeting of the Overseers172 the President stated the difficulties of the situation, and moved that the Overseers would consider and advise what should be done. The Overseers having thereupon voted that a memorial should be presented to the General Assembly, the President read the draught of a memorial which he had prepared. This was approved and referred to a committee of six, with instructions that it be transcribed, signed by the clerk of the Overseers, and presented to the Governor and Council as soon as possible.

The committee met the next day, November 15th; the memorial was read and approved, and Tutor Flynt, the clerk of the Overseers, was directed to get it transcribed while the committee adjourned for half an hour. Upon meeting again the memorial was duly signed by the clerk and the committee immediately waited upon the Governor and Board, who agreed to send it down recommended to the House of Representatives, whereupon a joint committee was appointed by the Council and the House to consider what might be proper to be done, and to make their report at the next session.

The memorial173 should be read in extenso. It set forth the early provision made by the Government for the College, the “more Capacious & sumptuous Habitation” (the second Harvard College) which had been built later, and the “Large College built & finish’d at his own sole Cost & Charge” by the “truely Honorable & Conspicuously learned and religious W^m Stoughton Esq^r.” It went on to state that while hitherto there had been “sufficient Apartments for y^e Students” yet “the Numbers of y^e Sons of y^e Prophets are now so increas’d, that the Place where they were wont to dwell is become so Streight as not to be capable of receiving y^m” and that many of the students having to take lodgings in the town, the Government “do already feel a great Concern in y^r Minds & have but uncomfortable Views of Mischeifs impending,” since many are “necessitated to be so much & so far from their constant Inspection, & y^e Slender Authority y^e College is capable of Exerting in the Town.”174

During the recess the joint committee of the General Court and the committee of the Overseers sat together, and when the Court met again, on February 6, 1718, were ready to report without delay. Governor Shute in his opening speech directed attention to the College’s needs and recommended prompt action. The committee handed in their report that it was “necessary that some further Building be erected for the Making Provision of Forty or Fifty Studies more, that all the Students may be entertain’d within the College.”

This report was sent down to the House, which ordered, the next day (February 7), that the committee “be desired to prepare & lay before the Court a Projection of such Additional Buildings, as they think necessary . . . & a Computation of the Charge it will probably amount to.” The Council concurred, and in the afternoon of the same day a draught of the proposed building was presented to the House, the committee recommending as “the most frugal method of Building . . . to Erect a double House, somewhat conformable to the Draught herewith exhibited, to be plac’d pretty near the Southwest Corner of Stoughton College, and thence to extend its length Westward in a parallel Line to Harvard College,” thus forming three sides of a square open toward the West. The charge, they gathered from skilful workmen, would amount to about three thousand pounds.

Among the College papers there are two plans evidently connected with Massachusetts Hall. One (reproduced facing page 94) may well be the draught presented at this time, since it does not correspond very closely with the building as actually erected, especially in the position of the chimneys. On the back is a brief description175 in the hand of Benjamin Wadsworth, a member of the Overseers’ committee at this time, one of the Fellows of the Corporation, the minister of the First Church in Boston, and later the successor of President Leverett in the Presidency. It proposes a building 98 feet long and 43 feet wide, three stories high, and containing in each story eight large chambers 20 feet square. Cut off from each chamber are either two or three studies (each five feet by four and a half) giving 60, 66, or 72 studies in all, and accommodating that number of students.

Evidently this seemed to the House a large undertaking, and on February 12, when the report was read again, it was voted that “inasmuch as the charge of the said Buildings is like to be very considerable, and a great part of this House is absent,” consideration be deferred to the next session of the Court in May.

No further step was taken until June 19, 1718, when a new committee composed of thirteen members was appointed to go to Cambridge, and choose a site for the new building. The next day the committee reported in agreement with the previous committee as to site, but limited the building to not more than fifty feet in length, with three upright stories and a convenient roof of a suitable pitch.176 On July 4, the sum of fifteen hundred pounds was appropriated toward the cost of the building, and a committee consisting of Jonathan Remington, Charles Chambers, and Andrew Bordman (the Steward of the College) was named “to take care for the carrying on and effecting the said Building.”

The reduction of the new building to half the size originally planned must have been a sore disappointment to the government of the College, but apparently no record exists of any further plans or discussions until we find in President Leverett’s Diary, November 3, 1718, his statement that the Governor had agreed that there should be a meeting of the Overseers on November 7, when a second memorial might be presented “for the carrying on the begun building . . . to the length of one hundred feet.”

The meeting of November 7 proved abortive, as objection was made that the ministerial portion of the Board had not been duly notified, so that the meeting was not regular, and “that it was not proper for the Council to address themselves.” Leverett says that “thô these objections were accounted but frivolous ones, yet, this meeting dropt without any effect” except to prepare the way for another meeting on the 12th of the same month. On that day everyone had been duly notified and the clerk made formal statement of the fact, so there was no ground for objection on the score of regularity, but it is evident that a hostile element had prepared to take advantage of the occasion to attack the President. The President, at the Governor’s invitation, set forth the business of the meeting, namely to prosecute “their former Memorial with a Second” praying for an enlargement of the building already under construction. At the Governor’s invitation, he presented the memorial which had been prepared, praying that the Court would be “pleas’d to carry out y^e begun additionall building to y^e Length first proposed.”177 The Governor spoke in favor of it, and was about to put the question when Mr. Paul Dudley asked to be allowed to look upon the memorial, and while he was doing so, thus delaying action, Judge Sewall rose and began to ask how the worship of God was carried on in the College, and whether the President expounded the Scriptures regularly; he had heard that it had not been done, and he apprehended that this was an affair of greater moment even than the erection of a new building. The President protested that this was not the proper time or place to raise the question, “that he was surprized and little Expect^d Such a treatm^t from the Hon^ble person that moved it.” The Governor declared “that the Motion . . . was very improper and altogether out of Course.” Sewall, giving a spicy account of the affair in his Diary, says: “Many spake earnestly that what I did was out of Season. Mr. Attorny [Paul Dudley] stood up and Seconded me very strenuously. When I was fallen so hard upon, I said I apprehended The not Expounding the Scriptures was a faulty Omission, and I was glad I had that Opportunity of shewing my dislike of it.” Sundry motions were made again by Mr. Dudley “tending to, if not designing for a diversion,” but at length votes were passed directing the memorial to be presented to the General Assembly in the name of the Overseers, and in conclusion it was voted, “That the President shal Entertain the Scholars in the College Hall with Frequent Expositions of the holy Scripture.”

The memorial was accordingly presented in the House on November 13, but on being brought up for consideration on the 28th, the House voted down the motion to grant the enlargement asked for. Again the reasonable and urgent petition of the College failed to gain support.

At the next session of the Court the subject was pressed again, and this time with success. On May 29, 1719, Charles Chambers and Andrew Bordman of the building committee presented a further memorial recommending that the building should be carried out to its full length. “First, Because it will save considerable Charge if the Building be carried on entire; Secondly, Because the Building will be much stronger as well as much more beautiful; Thirdly, Because the proposed Building of fifty feet long will not be sufficient to accommodate the Students.” They report that the master workmen compute that the sum of three thousand five hundred pounds, with what the President’s old house will sell for, will complete the building. The House was now favorably inclined and the same day ordered, that the building extend in length 100 feet, that an additional two thousand pounds be appropriated, and “that the Rent paid by the Students that shall be entertained in the said Building shall not exceed Twenty shillings per Man per Annum.” In these votes the Council concurred the following day, and the work evidently proceeded thereupon without further interruption.

On May 24, 1720, the new college was so far finished178 that the Corporation desired the President to acquaint the Overseers with the fact and take their advice in regard to returning thanks to the General Court.

The Overseers having advised (June 23) that an address of thanks be presented in the name of the Corporation, the Corporation (June 28) appointed two of the Fellows, Benjamin Colman and Joseph Stevens, and the Treasurer, John White, a committee to prepare the draught of an address. The Corporation also voted, “That the New College be kept securely shut up, and no Use made of it, either of Chambers or Cellars, for the Next Com̄encm^t [July 6] to prevent the Damage that will otherwise necessarily be, while the house is new & Green,” but two days later President Leverett records in his Diary that “upon the representation of the great disappointm^t it was like to prove to Sundry of the Com̄encers not to emprove some p^ts of the New Building, and the Intimation of the Disposition of some at least of the Com̄ittee for the Inspecting that Building to have the house stand open for the publick View,” the matter of opening or shutting was left to the discretion of the President and the committee, and “Accordingly It was Advised and agreed that the West half of the House sh^d be Open’d and Improved by Com̄encers as far as was requisite for their Accom̄odation.”

On July 18 the House appointed a committee of seventeen to visit Cambridge, view the building, and examine and audit the accounts of the building committee. The committee made its report November 4, “That they had attended that Service, and find it a well Built and Finisht House, and well adapted to the Reception of Students;” also that the accounts were correct and satisfactory, “And that the Ballance due from the Committee to the Province is One Hundred and Sixteen Pounds, and One Peny.” They also reported that they had received the keys of the building and had delivered them to the President, and with him had named the building Massachusetts Hall. The balance of one hundred and sixteen pounds and one penny, the House handsomely presented to the committee for their good service in taking care of the building.

The time had now come for the College to present its formal thanks to the Province, and on November 18, 1720, the President with the Rev. Mr. Wadsworth and the Rev. Mr. Colman, Fellows of the Corporation, were admitted into the House, and presented an address which was read by the President. This address (written doubtless by Benjamin Colman) gratefully and piously declares that the “fine and goodly House . . . will be a lasting Monument, if God please, of the Just Regards of the Present Government for the Support of Religion and Learning amongst us in time to come.”179

The documents follow.

I

Overseers’ Meeting, November 14, 1717

The Presid^t representing to the Overseers that Considerable Numbers of the Stud^ts of the College were obliged to take up Lodgings in the Town, for want of Accom̄odation in the College, and thereupon the necessity of an Addition Building to the Colleges that now are, moved that the Overseers w^d be pleased to take the matter into consideration, and Advise what may be ꝑper to be done in that behalfe. And the s^d Overseers taking the matter into their Consid^ration, and debated the same, and advised

That a Memorial signed by the Clerk of the Overseers be presented to the Gen^l Assembly in the Name of the Overseers importing the Same with M^r Presid^ts Representation.

M^r Presid^t in his place read the draught of a memorial w^ch he had form’d, which was approv’d of, and a Committee of the Overseers appointed viz^t The L^t Gov^r W^m Tailer Esq^r Sam^l Sewal Esq^r Elisha Cook Esq^r. The Presid^t M^r Wadsworth & M^r Coleman, to take care that the s^d Memorial be transcribed, and to be signed by the Clerk of the Overseers, and further was agreed, that the s^d Com̄ittee sh^d present the s^d Memorial to His Exc̄y & Council as Soon as possible it could be made ready & Sign’d.

The Overseers being dismiss’d, withdrew to attend the Funeral of Maj^r Generall Winthrop.

The Com̄ittee agreed to meet to morrow at 11 of y^e Clock.180

II

Meeting of the Committee of the Overseers, November 15, 1717

The Com̄ittee of the Overseers, viz^t The L. Gov^r Col^o Tailer, Cap^t Sewall, the Presid^t M^r Cook, M^r Wadsworth & M^r Coleman, being met, the Memorial was read. It was conciev^d in these Terms.181

To the Great & Generall Assembly of his Majesty’s Province of the Massachusetts Bay in New Engl^d now sitting in Boston

The Memoriall of y^e Overseers of Harvard College in Cambridge in y^e County of Midd^l within y^e Province afors^d

Sheweth

That whereas it pleased Almighty God to inspire y^e first Heroick Adventurers into a Wast & howling Wilderness w^th Piety & Wisdom early to contrive a Seminary for the Preserving propagating and advancing Learning & Religion, and ꝑ y^e Liberal Assistance of many well dispos’d & generous ꝑsons, The Government w^ch then was but in it’s Infancy, was pleas’d to erect a College, and ꝑvide Accom̄odation of Buildings for y^e Reception both of a presid^t & Stud^ts proportionable to y^e first Numbers y^t offer’d themselves to be educated in good Letters & Piety; and in after Times wⁿ the first Edifices were become too Streight or unfit for y^e Scholars to dwell in, the same publick Spirit Discended upon y^e Successors of y^e first Patriots: Insomuch as a more Capacious & sumptuous Habitation was provided p y^e Publick for them.

And yet Later even in y^e Rembrance & View of the Youngest in This Gen^l Assembly, The truely Honorable & Conspicuously Learned & religious W^m Stoughton Esqr (who is to be held in everlasting remembrance by all Learned & Good Men) built & finish’d at his own sole Cost & Charge an intire Large College for the Accom̄odation of y^e Stud^ts

The Memorialists cant but take it to be y^e most agreable Thing in y^e World, as to represent to you the great & Generous the Wise & pious things done ꝑ yo^r blessed Predecessors y^e Fathers & Founders of this Country, so to ꝑsent to you the Oppertunity & Occasion, of convincing all mankind, That y^t Excellent Spirit is not intomb’d w^th our fathers, but still survives in this Gener^on and is vigorous in y^s great general Assembly. — Now thus it is may it please

This honor^le Court

That althô ꝑ y^e Accom̄odat^s & provisions before mentioned there have been sufficient Apartments for y^e Students w^th in y^e College hither unto, yet thrô the Blessing of God upon y^e Land, & upon y^e College; The Numbers of y^e Sons of y^e Prophets are now so increas’d, that the Place where they were wont to dwell is become so Streight as not to be capable of receiving y^m. There are Considerable Numbers especially that were admitted this Year, who are oblig’d to take Lodgings in y^e Town; upon w^ch not only they themselves complain of great Difficulties & Inconveniencies, but y^e Gentlemen y^t have y^e Goverm^t of y^e Society do already feel a great Concern in y^r Minds & have but uncomfortable Views of Mischeifs impending; w^ch y^y fear they shall not be able to avert, by reason of many being necessitated to be so much & so far from their Constant Inspection, & y^e Slender Authority y^e College is capable of expecting from y^e Town.182

Wherfore y^e s^d Overseers have tho’t themselves under Indispensible Obligations both out of a just regard to y° Honour of this Court, and a Tender Concern for y^e most Important Interests of Religion & Learning, to lay y^e Premises before this Great & General Assembly hoping y^t you will be pleased to take y^e same into your most serious Consideration & do therein as shall seem good in your great Wisdom & Piety, under y^e benign Influence of y^e Excellent Spirit transmitted to you, together w^th y^e Blessed Fruits of it, from your Ancestors: That so your Names as well as theirs may be consigned w^th y^e Like Odours to y^e Latest Posterity

ꝑ Order of y^e Overseers

H Flynt Cler Inspect183

The Com̄ittee directed M^r Flynt the Clerk of the Overseers to get the Memorial Transcrib’d, & adjourn’d for half an hour.

The s^d Com̄ittee met and the Clerk of the Overseers Signed the Memorial as above.

And the s^d Com̄ittee Waited upon his Exc̄y & Board, and the L^t Gov^r present^d the s^d Memoriall, w^ch was read by y^e Secretary & agreed to Send it down recom̄ended to the House of Representatives. According the s^d Memorial was Sent down Recom̄ended to the House, and the s^d House appointed Maj^r Hab. Savage M^r Tim̄° Lyndal, and Cap^t Jon^a Dows to Join others of the Board to be a Com̄ittee to consid^r what may be proper to be don upon the s^d Memorial, to w^ch the Council joyn’d Cap^t Sewal, Maj^r Fitch & Cap^t Tho. Hutchinson.184

III

Council Meeting, November 15, 1717

A Memorial of the Overseers of Harvard College in Cambridge shewing that the Number of the Students in the said College is of late so much encreas’d that the Place where they were wont to dwell is become so streight as not to be capable of receiving them, That there are considerable Numbers (of those especially that were admitted this year) who are oblig’d to take Lodgings in the Town, Upon which not only they themselves complain of great Difficulties & Inconvencies, but the Gentlemen that have the immediate Government of the Society do already feal a great concern in their Minds & have but uncomfortable Views of Mischiefs impending which they fear they shall not be able to avert, by Reason of so many being necessitated to be so much & so far from their constant Inspection & the slender Authority the College is capable of Exerting in the Town, wherefore the said Overseers think themselves under indispensable Obligations both out of a just Regard to the Honour of this Court & a tender Concern for the most important Interests of Religion & Learning to lay the Premises under their Consideration, Praying that they would do therein as shall seem best in their great Wisdom & Piety. Read & sent down recommended.185

IV

House Journal, November 16, 1717

A Memorial Sign’d by Henry Flint Clerk of the Overseers of Harvard College in Cambridge which was sent down from the Board yesterday. Read. Moving this Court to make further Provision for the Reception and Entertainment of the Students in that Seminary, the present Edifices not being sufficient to accommodate them.

Ordered, That Major Habijah Savage, Mr. Timothy Lindal, and Capt. Jonathan Dowse, with such as the Honorable Board shall appoint be a Committee in the recess of this Court to consider what is proper to be done in answer to the said Memorial, and make their Report at the next Session. Sent up for Concurrence.186

V

Council Meeting, November 18, 1717

A Memorial of the Overseers of Harvard College in Cambridge, As Enter’d Nov. 15. In the House of Represent^ves Nov. 16. Read &Ordered that Major Habijah Savage M^r Timothy Lindal and Capt. Jonathan Dowse with such as the Hon^ble Board shall appoint be a Committee in the Recess of this Court to consider what is proper to be done in Answer to this Memorial, And make their Report at the next Sessions: Sent up for Concurrence.

Read & Concur’d, And the Hon^ble Samuel Sewall, Thomas Hutchinson & Thomas Fitch Esq^rs are added to the Committee.

Consented to Sam^ll Shute.187

VI

Council Meeting, November 19, 1717

Advised that the Committee of both Houses do meet & sit with the Committee of the Overseers of the College to advise about the Subject of the Memorial of the said Overseers.188

VII

Governor Shute’s Speech to both Houses, February 6, 1718

Gentlemen, I had not given you or myself the Trouble of a Winter Session, but that thro the Providence of God in the late Sickness, we were oblig’d to break up the last Session before some affairs of Importance were finishd, And among others a Proposal that was then made for some Additional Building to your College at Cambridge. I doubt not but it was very acceptable to Hear the Sons of the Prophets say, The Place where we dwell is so streight for us. You are very much in the Right to have the Interest of Learning much at Heart, And therefore if any further Buildings for that Purpose be intended the Next Summer, You must make the proper Provision for it this Session.189

VIII

Council Meeting, February 6, 1718

The Committee of both Houses appointed to Consider what is proper to be done by the Generall Court in Answer to the Memorial laid before them by the Overseers of Harvard College (as enter’d Nov. 18) gave in the following Report; Viz.

We whose Names are underwritten being a Committee appointed by the General Court to consider what is proper to be done in Answer to the Memorial laid before them by the Overseers of Harvard College at their last October sessions, Having mett at the College in Cambridge Dec. 27, 1717 & Enquired into the Accomodations that are there at Present for the Students (Graduates & Undergraduates) Do find it necessary that some further Building be erected for the Making Provision of Forty or Fifty Studies more that all the Students may be entertain’d within the College. All which is humbly Submitted by Your most humble & obedient Servants

Habijah Savage

Jonathan Dowse

Sam^ll Sewall

Tho^s Hutchinson

Thom^s Fitch

In Council Read & Sent down Recommended.190

IX

House Journal, February 6, 1718

The following Report, Brought down from the Board by Benjamin Lynde, John Clark, Addington Davenport, and Adam Winthrop Esqrs; viz.

We whose Names are underwritten being a Committee appointed by the General Court to Consider, what is proper to be done in answer to the Memorial laid before them by the Overseers of Harvard College at their last October Sessions, having met at the College in Cambridge, Decemb. 27th 1717. And Inquired into the Accomodations that are there, at present for the Students, Graduates and Undergraduates do find it necessary that some further Building be Erected for the making Provision of Forty or Fifty Studies more, that all the Students may be Entertain’d within the College, all which is humbly Submitted by your most humble and obedient Servants.

Samuel Sewall, Thomas Hutchinson, Thomas Fitch, Habijah Savage, Jonathan Dowse. In Council Read, and sent down Recommended. Read.191

X

House Journal, February 7, 1718, A.M.

The Report of the Committee entered Yesterday, relating to Erecting additional Buildings at Harvard College, further considered, and

Ordered, That the said Committee be desired to prepare and lay before the Court a Projection of such additional Buildings, as they think necessary to be Erected at present, and a computation of the Charge it will probably amount to, that further consideration may be had thereof. Sent up for Concurrence.192

XI

Council Meeting, February 7, 1718

The Report of the Committee appointed to Consider about Erecting an Additional Building to Harvard College, As Enter’d Feb. 6.

In the House of Representat^ves; Read & Ordered that the above mentioned Committee be desired to prepare & lay before the Court a Projection of such Additional Buildings, as they think necessary to be erected at present, & a Computation of the Charge it will probably amount to, that further Consideration may be had thereof.

In Council; Read & Concur’d, Consented to, Sam^ll Shute.

A Message went down to the House of Representatives by Coll Tayler Coll Byfield Coll Payne M^r Lynde & M^r Davenport, To acquaint them That it is the Opinion of the Board that the Committee upon the Affair of the College should immediately proceed to lay before the Court a Projection of the Additional Building to the said College, & an Estimation of the Charge it will probably amount to.193

XII

House Journal, February 7, 1718, A.M.

Upon a Motion being made, Mr. President Leverett was again admitted into the House and Informed them of the great necessity of further Buildings being speedily made for the Entertainment of Students at Harvard College. And withdrew.

A Message from the Board by William Tailer, Nathaniel Byfield, Nathaniel Paine, Benjamin Lynde and Addington Davenport, Esqrs; That the Council had concurr’d the Vote of this House of this Day, on the Report of the Committee, relating to additional Buildings to be made to Harvard College, and desired that the Committee might meet thereon forthwith.194

XIII

House Journal, February 7, 1718, P.M.

A Message from the Board by William Tailer, Nathaniel By field, Addington Davenport, Thomas Hutchinson, Thomas Fitch, and Adam Winthrop, Esqrs with the Report of the Committee concerning an additional Building to be made at Harvard College, A Draught195 of such Building and a Computation of the Charge, Shewing the present necessity thereof, and moving the House now to Proceed in the affair: And Left the further Report of the said Committee which was Read, viz. In Pursuance of the within Order, The Committee are humbly of opinion, that as it’s the most frugal method of Building, So it will best answer the present Occasions, to Erect a double House, somewhat conformable to the Draught herewith exhibited, to be plac’d pretty near the Southwest Corner of Stoughton College, and thence to extend it’s length Westward in a parallel Line to Harvard College. The Charge thereof by what we gather from Skilful Workmen, may probably amount to Three Thousand Pounds, or thereabouts.196

A DRAUGHT FOR THE NEW COLLEGE BY BENJAMIN WORDSWORTH

engraved for the colonial society of massachusetts from the original in the harvard college library

XIV

House Journal, February 12, 1718

The Report of the Committee for making an Addition to the Buildings of Harvard College, entred the 7th Currant, read again.

Upon Consideration, of that part of His Excellency’s Speech, which relates to making additional Buildings to Harvard College.

Ordered, That the Thanks of this House be returned to His Excellency the Governour for his Care to promote good Literature, without which Religion will not be upheld amongst us:

But inasmuch as the charge of the said Buildings is like to be very considerable, and a great part of this House is absent.

It is further Voted, that the Consideration of the said Affair be Referr’d, to the Session of this Court in May next, when a full House may be expected.

Sent up for Concurrence.197

XV

Council Meeting, February 14, 1718

In the House of Representat^ves Feb. 12 Upon Consideration of that Part of his Excellencys Speech which relates to the making Additional Buildings to Harvard College; Ordered that the Thanks of this House be return’d to his Excellency the Governour for his Care to promote good Literature, without which Religion will not be upheld amongst us; But in as much as the Charge of the said Building is like to be very considerable, And a great Part of this House is absent, It is further Voted that the Consideration of the said Affair is refer’d to the Sessions of this Court in May next when a full House may be expected.

In Council; Read & Concur’d, Consented to Sam^ll Shute.198

XVI

House Journal, June 19, 1718

Ordered, That Col. Hutchinson, Col. Thaxter, Capt. Whippel, Capt. Osgood, Capt. Chambers, Mr. Remington, Mr. Porter, Mr. Thomas, Capt. Gorham, Mr. Turner, Capt. Throop, Capt. Bane, and Mr. Coffin, be a Committee, to go to Cambridge, this Day view and consider the most convenient place whereon to erect an additional Building to Harvard College, and make report to the House.199

XVII

House Journal, June 20, 1718

Col. Hutchinson, from the Committee appointed Yesterday to go to Cambridge, view and report the most Convenient place where to Erect an additional Building to Harvard College, reported their opinion, That the most convenient place is opposite to said College on the South side, beginning about Six Foot from the South West end of Stoughton House, and to extend Westward, which was accepted by the House.

Ordered, That an additional Building of Brick, be made to Harvard College, to begin about six Feet from the South West end of Stoughton House, and to extend in length Westward Forty seven and half Feet, or thereabouts, not exceeding Fifty, of the same breadth with Harvard College, of a suitable height, not exceeding the heighth of said Harvard College, with three upright Stories, and a convenient Roof of a suitable Pitch.

Sent up for Concurrence.200

XVIII

Council Meeting, June 24, 1718

In the House of Representat^ves June 20. 1718 Ordered that an Additional Building of Brick be made to Harvard College to begin about six Feet to the South West of Stoughton House & to extend in Length Westward Forty seven & half Feet or thereabouts not exceeding Fifty, of the same Breadth of Harvard College & of a suitable Heighth, not exceeding y^e Heighth of Harvard College, with three upright Stories & a convenient Roof of a suitable Pitch.

In Council Read & Concur’d: Consented to Sam^ll Shute.201

XIX

House Journal, July 4, 1718

Resolved, That a Sum not exceeding Fifteen Hundred Pounds be at this time allowed and paid out of the Publick Treasury, towards Erecting an Additional Building to Harvard College. And that Jonathan Remington, Charles Chambers, Esqrs; and Mr. Andrew Bordman, be a Committee to take care for the carrying on and effecting the said Building.

Sent up for Concurrence.202

XX

Council Meeting, July 4, 1718

In the House of Representat^ves Resolved that a sum not exceeding Fifteen Hundred Pounds be at this Time allowed & paid out of the publick Treasury towards Erecting an Additional Building to Harvard College, And that Jonathan Remington & Charles Chambers, Esq^rs & M^r Andrew Boardman be a Committee to take Care for the Carrying on & Effecting the said Building.

In Council Read & Concur’d; Consented to Sam^ll Shute.203

XXI

President Leverett’s Diary, November 3, 1718

A particular history of that affair204 may, if God directs and Sp^ts the Presid^t therto, may hereafter be given. In the meantime, It shalbe onely remember’d here that his Exc̄y had agreed with the Presid^t that there sh^d be an Overseers meeting on the 7th of Nov^r for the prefering a Second Memorial to the Gen^l for the carrying on the begun building of a College to the length of one hundred foot. On the w^ch day the Presid^t with M^r Wadsworth & M^r Coleman waited on his Exc̄y and the board in the Council Chamber, and a Draught of a Memorial was read, but Mr. Dudley objecting that the ministers that are Overseers of the College being not duely warn’d, it w^d not be deem’d a regular Meeting and that it was not ꝑper for the Council to address themselves: tho these objections were acc^ted but frivilous ones, yet, this meeting dropt without any effect, Save that it was agreed that there sh^d be an Overseers Meeting on the 12th day of Nov^r, and the Presid^t was desired to Give Order that the Ministers sh^d be notify’d. An his Exc̄y directed the Council to attend on that Service at 3 of the clock that day.205

XXII

Overseers’ Meeting, November 12, 1718

The ministers Overseers of the College having taken their places on Each hand of the Presid^t, his Exc̄y ask’d the Presid^t Whither Notifications had been sent out to the ꝑsons that had right to be at the Meeting; The Presid^t inform’d his Exc̄y that he had Ordered the Clerk of the Overseers to do so, and M^r Flynt the Clerk of the Overseers being present, and called upon by the Presid^t to say what he had don in that behalf, declared he had don as he had been Order’d by the Presid^t.

Then upon his Exc̄y’s direction the Presid^t open’d the Occasion of the Meeting, representing, That the Gen^l Court at their Session in May Last pass’d had, upon the Memorial of the Overseers Seting forth the want of accom̄odation for receiving and entertaining students admitted into the College, Granted, that an additional building sh^d be Erected not exceeding fifty foot in Length Westward; which upon Computation is found Short abundantly of what is necessary for the Ends ꝑpounded, and therefore there is need of further application for an Elargm^t and that as the Overseers has begun and brôt forward what was obtain’d, So it is thôt, that nothing is So likely to bring the begun good work to pfection, as their prosecuting their former Memorial with a Second; and that this might be done at the present Session of the General Court is the business of this Meeting. And hereupon the Presid^t moved, that his Exc̄y & the Hon^ble & Rev^d Overseers w^d give their advice hereupon.

After this his Exc̄y desired the Presid^t to lay before the Overseers a draught of a Memorial, if he had form’d one. Upon w^ch he read in his place a Memorial he had prepar’d in the Words following, Viz^t206 . . .

When the Presid^t had read the above Memorial, he deliver’d it into his Exc̄ys hand, who discoursed in short in fav^r of it, and seem’d to be ready to put it to Vote. But M^r Dudley pray’d he might look upon it, to w^m it was handed, and while he was looking on it, there was an Interval of Silence. In which Space Judg Sewall Stood up and said to this Effect, While we are considering to Enlarge the College for the reciving Stud^ts I desire to be inform’d how the Worship of God is carry’d on in the Hall, and to ask M^r Presid^t whither there has not bin som Intermission of the Exposition of the Scriptures of late? The Presid^t after a short pause, Answer’d, that he thôt the present business of the Meet^g was to be attended, and not to be Interupted by any Surmise of a neglect in the Administration of the Affair of the College, and that the place the Overseers were now Conven’d was not the ꝑper place for such an Enquiry. That if the Overseers, who are the Visitours of the College, had any informations laid before ’em of Omissions or Neglects of Duty or Maladministration by any of the ꝑsons that had the Im̄ediate Adminc̄on of the College in their hands that the Overseers sh^d make a visitation, and Inquire into those Matters upon the Very place, either in the College Hall or Library. And the Presid^t Added he did not Expect Such a Question sh^d Have bin Moved at this time in interruption of the busieness before the Overseers, and for the Considring & advising upon w^ch this meeting was called; and that he was surprized and little Expect^d Such a Treatm^t from the Hon^ble pson that moved it, having never once Suggested any th^g of his Suspicion or apprehension of any failure in his duty from his hon^r

His Exc̄y took up the Matter, and declared that the Motion, whatever Occasion there might be for it, thô he knew none, was very improper and altogether out of Course, and the whole Board Seem’d to be of the same opinion: Except M^r Dudley, (who It may be Supposed, by Concert with somebody it may be then not present, contriv’d the Interval of Silence by poring on the Memorial, that So the Zealous Judge might have the Opportunity to make his Impertinent (not to say in him Invidious) Motion) raised his head & Eyes from the paper hee seem’d to be intent in reading, s^d he for his ꝑ^t Seconded his Hon^r the Chief Justice’s Motion. However this Motion was put by, and the business of the Meeting was reassumed. And yet Sundry Motions were made again by M^r Dudley tending to, if not designing for a diversion, but at length the

1. Question was put, Whither it be the Mind of the Overseers of Harvard College, That the Generall Assembly be address’d to ꝑfect the New Building of a College in Cambridge to One Hundred foot in length? Which pass’d in the Affirmative.

2. Q. Whither the Address shalbe in the Name of the Overseers? Pass’d in the Affirmative.

3. Q. Whither the draught of a Memorial now read by the Presid^t shalbe presented to the Gen^l Assembly? Pass’d in the Affirmative.

Then the Presid^t presented at the Board a Transcript of the s^d Memorial, and compar’d by the Clerk of the Overseers. And the 4th Question being put, whither the s^d Memorial sh^d be sign’d by the Clerk by the Order of the Overseers? It pass’d in the Affirmative. And the s^d Memorial was Sign’d at the Board by Order of the Overseers H. Flynt Cler̄ Inspect.

5. Q. Whither his Hon^r the L^t Gov^r207 Col^o Tailer, Judge Sewall, Col^o Byfield, M^r Belcher, the Rev^d M^r Benjamin Wadsworth & M^r B. Coleman be a Com̄ittee to present the Memorial to the General Court? It pass’d in the Affirmative.

6. Q. Whither it be the mind of the Overseers, That the Presid^t shal Entertain the Scholars in the College Hall with Frequent Expositions of the holy Script^rs? pass’d in the Affirmative.208

A PLAN FOR THE NEW COLLEGE BY PRESIDENT LEVERETT

engraved for the colonial society of massachusetts from the original in the harvard college library

XXIII

Overseers’ Memorial, November 12, 1718

To the Great & Generall Assembly of his Maj^tys Province of the Massachusetts in New England now sitting in Boston, The Memoriall of y^e Overseers of Harvard Colledge in Cambridge in the County of Middlesex with in y^e Province afores^d

May it please this Hon^ble Court

Forasmuch as upon y^e memoriall prefer’d by the same body that now lays this before you, You have bin pleased to take into your Consideration the Necessity of Providing for y^e reception & accommodation of y^e Students admitted into Harvard College in Cambridge; & Thereupon at y^e Session of this Hon^ble Court in May last past, Order’d an Additionall Building to be Erected at the South West Angle of Stoughton College of y^e same width w^th that called Harvard College, & to Extend Westward in Length Fifty foot, The foundation of w^ch is already Laid; On the Account whereof the Memorialists do most heartily thank this Hon^ble Court & most religiously acknowledge y^e goodness of Almighty God in inclining your hearts to so Good a worke.

So Ready a Coming into this Important Affair, & so Generous A begining of this Pious work, so highly conducing to your own honour & y^e Interest of your Countrey are an ample Testimony y^t y^e Motion made for it was not disagreeable to you; & y^e Memorialist cannot but believe, y^t this, their Second request w^ch is for y^e carrying on and perfecting of y^e Same in a manner worthy y^e noble beginnings, will be as acceptable to this Hon^ble Court.

As it was Meer necessity y^t obliged y^e memorialist to make y^e first motion, & y^e belief y^t it was so, y^t induc’d you [to] Come into y^e affair of y^e College & to make y^e beginnings that have bin made; so there is nothing in y^e world y^t Could produce this Second Motion, but y^e certainty, That that necessity can’t be answered and Supply’d unless this Hon^ble Court will be pleas’d to carry out y^e begun additionall building to y^e Length first proposed in y^e Plan laid before you, That is, to one hundred foot in length.

This will be plain Demonstration if it be considered.

1 That y^e number of y^e now resident Stud^ts Graduates & undergraduates am^ts to one-hundred & Twenty four.

2 That y^e Studys to receive them even when y^e building founded shall be finish’d will amount to but one Hundred & Sixteen w^ch is Eight less then are absolutely necessary to Entertain y^e present resid^ts

3 That if you shall be pleased to carry on y^e s^d additionall building to y^e length of one hundred Foot as Above mentioned y^e Studies then will am^t but to one Hundred & Thirty Four w^ch will afford but Ten supernumerary studys, & these will not be like to remain So, But in all probability will be taken up as soon as ready, if not by new admissions Yet by y^e return of Graduates who are now non-resd^ts onely for want of Studys to receive them.209

The Memorialists therefore Pray this Hon^ble Court to take y^e Premises in to your Serious Consideration, & do there upon according to yo^r Great wisdom, w^ch always resolves to pfect a great & good work by making it to answer all it’s necessary Ends & Intentions

Henry Flynt Cler: Inspectorū210

XXIV

Sewall’s Diary, November 12, 19, 1718

Nov^r 12. Overseers Meeting, to petition the Court to make the College 100 foot long. One calling for the Memorial to the end of the Table, I stood up, and said what the hon^ble Com̄issioners had in hand was of great moment, but I apprehended there was an affair of greater moment. I had heard Exposition of the Scriptures in the Hall had not been carryed on, I enquired of the President whether ’twere so or no. Was silence a little while; then the President seem’d to be surprised at my Treating of him in that man̄er; I did not used to do so; neither did he use to Treat me so; This Complaint was twice at least. Many spake earnestly that what I did was out of Season. Mr. Attorny211 stood up and Seconded me very strenuously. When I was fallen so hard upon, I said I apprehended The not Expounding the Scriptures was a faulty Omission, and I was glad I had that Oꝑortunity of shewing my dislike of it. President said, he had begun to take it up agen; I said I was glad of it. At another time said, If he were to Expound in the Hall, he must be Supported. It went over. The Memorial was voted: Then Mr. Belcher stood up, and mov’d earnestly that Exposition might be attended. At last Mr. Wadsworth stood up and spake in favour of it, and drew up a vote that the president should as frequently as he could entertain the students with Expositions of the holy Scriptures; and read it. I mov’d that as he could might be left out; and it was so voted. Mr. President seem’d to say softly, it was not till now the Business of the President to Expound in the Hall. I said I was glad the Overseers had now the Honour of declaring it to be the President’s Duty.

Nov^r 19. mane. Mr. President spake to me again pretty earnestly; and intimated that twas not the President’s Duty to Expound before this Order: I said Twas a Shame that a Law should be needed; meaning ex malis moribus bonae Leges.212

XXV

House Journal, November 13, 1718

The Honourable Lieut. Governour Dummer, William Tayler, Samuel Sewall, Nathaniel Byfield, and Jonathan Belcher Esqrs; and the Reverend Mr. Benjamin Wadsworth, and Mr. Benjamin Colman were Admitted into the House and presented a Memorial of the Overseers of Harvard College in Cambridge, and withdrew.

The said Memorial Signed by Henry Flynt, Clerk of the said Overseers. Read, Moving the Court to Extend the additional Building to be Erected to said Harvard College, to the length of 100 feet, the Buildings already there, and that last ordered to be made when finish’d not being sufficient to Entertain the Students belonging to that Society.213

XXVI

House Journal, November 28, 1718

The Memorial of the Overseers of Harvard College, Moving as is entred the 13th Currant. Read again.

And the Question being put, Whether the Additional Building ordered to be Erected at Harvard College be Inlarged, as proposed in the said Memorial?

It pass’d in the Negative.214

XXVII

House Journal, May 29, 1719

A Memorial of Charles Chambers and Andrew Bordman, of the Committee for building an addition to Harvard College, presented to the House and Read, shewing the conveniency, and Reasonableness that the Building already begun should be enlarged, and moving that the Memorial of the Overseers of the said College, that was Presented to this Court, at their last Session, to the same purpose may be Read.

The said Memorial of the Overseers moving as entered the 13th of November last. Read.

Ordered, That Mr. Cooke, Mr. John Pain, Mr. Lindal, Mr. John Barker and Mr. Stone be a Committee to whom the said Memorials are referred, to consider and make Report to the House what they think proper to be done in answer thereto. . . .

Mr. Cooke from the Committee to whom the Memorial of the Overseers of Harvard College, and the Memorial of Charles Chambers and Andrew Bordman were this Day referred, offered their Reports to the House, which was accepted and addition made thereto by the House, and accordingly,

Ordered, That the additional Brick Building to Harvard College, for the suitable Reception and Accommodation of the Tutors and Students there shall extend in length 100 Feet.

That two, Thousand Pounds over and above the l. 1500. already Granted, be Allowed & Paid out of the Publick Treasury to the Committee appointed for the Effecting of the said Building.

That the Rent paid by the Students that shall be Entertained in the said Building, shall not exceed 20 s. per Man per Annum.

And that the said Rents from time to time shall be Improved for no other use than the Repairs of the said Building, unless by Direction from this Court. Sent up for Concurrence.215

XXVIII

Council Meeting, May 30, 1719

A Memorial of the Overseers of Harv^d College Shewing that for as much as upon their former Memorial, the Court were pleased to take into Consideration the Necessity of Providing for the Reception & Accomodation of the the Students admitted into Harvard College in Cambridge; & thereupon, at the Session in May last ordered an additional Building to be erected at the South west Angle of Stoughton College of the same Breadth with that called Harvard College & to extend Westward in length fifty feet, the Foundation of which is already laid; On the Account of which the Memorialists do heartily thank this Hon^ble Court, & most religiously Acknowledge the Goodness of God in inclining their Hearts to so good a Work: So ready a Coming into so important an Affair & so generous a Beginning of this pious Work gives Encouragem^t to the memorialists to make this their second Request; which is to carry on this Work in a Manner worthy of these noble Beginnings; That as it was meer Necessity that obliged the Memorialists to make their first Motion, & the Belief that it was so that induced the Hon^ble Court to come into that Affair of the College, & to make the Beginnings that have been made, so there is Nothing in the World that could produce this second Motion but the Certainty that that Necessity cannot be answered & supplied unless the Hon^ble Court will be pleased to Carry out the begun additional Building to the Length at first proposed in the Plan laid before this Hon^ble Court that is to One hundred feet in Length; which will be plainly demonstrated, If it be considered that the Number of now resident Students, Graduates & Under Graduates, amounts to One hundred & twenty four, That the Studies to receive them, even when the Building now founded will be finished, amounts to but One hundred & sixteen, which is eight less than is absolutely necessary to entertain the present Residents, That if the Court should please to carry on the said Additional Building to the Length of One hundred feet as above mentioned, they will amount to but One hundred & thirty four; which will allow but ten supernumerary ones; And these are not like to remain so, but in all Probability will be taken up as soon as ready, if not by new Admissions, yet by the Return of Graduates, who are now Non-Residents only for Want of S[t]udies to receive them; And therefore Praying that this Hon^ble Court would take the Premises into their serious Consideration & upon fuller Views of the Necessity of the Matters & Things therein demonstrated, act therein according to their great Wisdom and Goodness.

A Memorial of Charles Chambers Esq^r & Andrew Boardman appointed by the Court for building an Addition to Harvard College, Shewing that they think they shall be wanting in their Duty to this Hon^ble Court if they do not inform that there is now an Opportunity to carry on the whole Building to its full Length as first proposed; Which they think proper & necessary to be done for the following Reasons, First, Because it will save considerable Charge if the Building be carried on entire; Secondly, Because the Building will be much stronger, as well as much more beautiful; Thirdly, Because the proposed Building of fifty feet long will not be sufficient to accomodate the Students that are already belonging to the College, & residing in the Town of Cambridge, That they have desired the Master Work men to make a Computation of the Charge in building the whole House; who say that the sum of Three thousand five hundred Pounds, with what the Presidents old House216 will sell for, will compleat the whole Building; However that the said Master Work men are willing to indent for Four thousand Pounds; which does not so much exceed the sum for carrying on the Building of fifty Feet long, but it will prove to be Money well laid out: For which Reason the Memorialists propose to this Hon^ble Court that the said Building be carried out to the said Length of one hundred Feet.

The above said Memorials were read in the House of Represent^ves May 29, 1719;

And Ordered that the additional Brick Building to Harvard College for the suitable Reception & accomodation of the Tutors & Students there, shall extend in Length One hundred Feet; That two thousand Pounds, over & above the Fifteen hundred Pounds already granted, be allowed & paid out of the publick Treasury to the Committee appointed for the effecting the said Building That the Rent paid by the Students that shall be entertained in the said Building shall not exceed Twenty shillings per Man per Annum; And that the said Rents from time to time shall be inproved for no other Use than the Repairs of the said Building, unless by the Direction of this Court.

In Council: Read & Concur’d; Consented to, Sam^ll Shute.217

XXIX

Corporation Meeting, May 24, 1720

Mem^o The Presid^t is desired to acquaint the Hon^ble the Overseers, that the New College is near Finish’d, and the Corporation is ready either to Wait on their Hon^rs or by themselves to return thanks to the Generall Court for that their Noble Munificence to this Society, as they shall advise.218

XXX

Overseers’ Meeting, June 23, 1720

The Presid^t by the desire of the Corporation acquainted the hon^ble and Rev^d Overseers, that the new College is near finished, and that it was Supposed ’tw^d be proper to express their Sense of the Noble munificence of the Gen^l Court to the College in that building, and on behalf of y^e Corporation pray’d the Advise of the Overseers, Whither the Corporation sh^d wait upon their hon^rs in rendring thanks, or whether they sho^d offer their Address of thank in their own Name. Advised, That the Address of thanks to the Gen^l Court be in the Name of the Corporation.219

XXXI

Corporation Meeting, June 28, 1720

The Presid^t acquainted the Corporation, that at Late meeting of the Hon^ble & Rev^d Overseers, He had ꝑposed to them, whether They w^d be pleased to address the Gen^l Court w^th thanks for the Additionall Building to the College, which they have bin pleased lately to Erect, and that they had refer’d that affair to the Corporation.

1. Voted, That M^r Colman, M^r Stevens and the Treasurer be desired to prepare a Draught of an Address in the Name of the Corporation returning thanks to the Hon^ble Gen^l Court for the s^d Building. . . .

4. Voted, That the New College be kept securely shut up, and no Use made of it, either of Chambers or Cellars, for the Next Com̄encm^t to prevent the Damage that will otherwise necessariely be, while the house is new & Green.220

XXXII

Leverett’s Diary, June 30, 1720

Upon the representation of the great disappointm^t it was like to prove to Sundry of the Com̄encers not to emprove some p^ts of the New Building, and the Intimation of the Disposition of some at least of the Com̄ittee for the Inspecting that Building to have the house stand open for the publick View the Gentlm̄ of the Corporation Advise to the superseding the 4^th Vote of their meeting the 28^th Curr^t And refer the Opening or Shutting up that house either in p^t or in whole to the Presid^t & Fellows with the Advice of the s^d Com̄ittee. Accordingly It was Advised and agreed that the West half of the House sh^d be Open’d and Improved by Com̄encers as far as was requisite for their Accom̄odation, the s^d Com̄encers to Stand Oblig’d to render the Chambers and Studys impved by them to the Com̄ittee in as good Order and Condition as they were at their Entry on them. And the South and North West Chambers are reserv’d and to be kept lock’d up.221

XXXIII

House Journal, July 18, 1720

Ordered, That Mr. William Clark, Maj. Chandler, Capt. Throop, Capt. Gardner, Col. Somersby, Maj. Bond, Capt. Rouse, Capt. Brown, Mr. Foster, Maj. Stoddard, Mr. Clap, Capt. Gorham, Maj. Bourn, Mr. Croseman,Capt. Pepperell, Mr. Bunker, and Mr. Mayhew, be a Committee, to go to Cambridge, & Veiw the Additional Brick Building at Harvard-Colledge, Lately Errected there at the Province Charge, and Report how they find the same Effected.

And to Examine and Audit the Accompts of the Committee that had the care of Building the same, and make Report thereon.222

XXXIV

House Journal, November 4, 1720

Mr. William Clark from the Committee appointed the 18th of July last, to go to Cambridge, and view the additional Brick Building at Harvard Colledge, Erected at the Province Charge, and Report how they find the same effected, and to Examine, and Audit the Accompts of the Committee that had the care of Building the same. Made Report, That they had attended that Service, and find it a well Built and Finisht House, and well adapted to the Reception of Students.

And that they had Examined, and Audited the Accompts of the Committee that had the care of Building the same, and find them well Voucht, and rightly Cast; and the several Charges in the many Tradesmen’s Bills, are no more than what is usual and customary: And that the Ballance due from the Committee to the Province is One Hundred and Sixteen Pounds, and One Peny.

And that they had Received the Keys of said Building, which with the President, they named Massachusetts-Hall, and Delivered said Keys to the President, as to the President and Fellows of Harvard Colledge. Read and

Ordered, That the said Report be Accepted, and that the said Sum of One Hundred and Sixteen Pounds, and One Peny, the Ballance in the hands of the said Committee, be Presented to them for their good Service in taking care of the said Building.

Sent up for Concurrence.223

XXXV

House Journal, November 18, 1720

The Reverend Mr. Leverett, President of Harvard-Colledge, and the Reverend Mr. Wadsworth, and Mr. Colman, Fellows of the said Colledge, were Admitted into the House; and Mr. President Leverett Addrest the House in thankful Acknowledgment of the Favour of this Court to the said Colledge, in Erecting an additional Brick-Building, for the reception and Accommodation of the Students there; and leaving a Copy of the Address, they Withdrew.

Ordered, That the said ADDRESS, which is well Accepted by this House be Printed in the Votes of this Day.

The said ADDRESS is as follows, Viz.

To his Excellency

Samuel Shute Esqr.

Captain General and GOVERNOUR in Chief, in and over His Majesties Province of the Massachusetts-Bay in New-England.

And to the Honourable His Majesty’s Council, and House of Representatives in General Court Assembled, at Boston, Nnvember 2d. 1720.

THE Humble Address of the President and Fellows of Harvard College in Cambridge.

Sheweth,

THat Wheras it pleased the Great and General Assembly of this Province, in Answer to the Memorials of the Honourable and Reverend the Overseers of the said College, laid before them at their Sessions November, the 15th 1717. and November, 13th 1718. To Grant and Order an additional Brick-Building to Harvard-College, for the Reception and Accommodation of the Tutors and Students there; and most Generously from time to time to Allow, Grant and Order, to be Paid out of the Publick Treasury, to the Committee Appointed for the Effecting the said Building, such Sums of Money, as in your Great Wisdom and Goodness you saw necessary, for so great and good a Service.

And Whereas it hath Pleased Almighty God (to whose Honour and Glory, our Fathers first Founded the said College, & who has made it a singular Blessing and Honour to the Province unto this day) so far to smile upon your Pious Expence in this Additional Building, and to Prosper the Faithfull Cares of the Worthy Gentlemen of the Committee appointed to Oversee the same, as that we now see with Joy a fine and goodly House Errectd and Finished, such as doth every way answer the then Views and Proposals, of the Honorable and Reverend the Overseers your late Memorialists, and will be a lasting Monument, if GOD please, of the Just Regards of the Present Government for the Support of Religion and Learning amongst us in time to come.

We the President and Fellows of the College, do therefore hold our selves Indispensibly Obliged, from the Relation we stand in to the College, as well as the affection we bare to the Churches of our Lord Jesus: First of all to give Thanks unto Almighty GOD, who has inclined and Led the Govenment into and thro so great and Noble a Work, and then also to make our acknowledgements to your Excellency and Honours for this great Benefaction to the College, Beseeching the Lord GOD of our Fathers, graciously to Accept of, and abundantly to Reward unto his People, this their Offering to his Name.

And as to our selves, who have the Pleasure and the Honour, to Address your Excellency and Honours upon so happy Occasion, we beg Leave to say that under the Influence and Assistance of the Divine Grace in our respective Capacities according to the Trust reposed in us, shall always Exert our selves as we are in Duty bound, to Preserve and advance that Society, in the principles and practice of Piety, and Loyalty, and all Vertue, as well as in good Literature, which we know will be the most acceptable acknowledgment from,

May it please Your Excellency and Honours,

Your most Dutiful and Obedient Servants,

John Leverett,

In the Name of the President, and Fellows of Harvard-College.224

1 Mr. Greenough’s paper, together with the illustrations, will appear in the Transactions of a future meeting.

2 New England Historical and Genealogical Register, viii. 258.

3 Notes relating to Rawlins, or Rollins, etc., p. 37.

4 Records of Families of the Name of Rawlins or Rollins, in the United States, pp. xi, 303.

5 xxvi. 619.

6 xxvii. 578.

7 ii. 578. The paragraph is headed “Friday, December 16.”

8 Boston Record Commissioners’ Reports, ix. 166.

9 College Book iv. 23, 24, 25.

10 Diary, ii. 134.

11 S. Sewall, History of Woburn, p. 586.

12 John Robinson (1650–1723).

13 W. S. Perry, Historical Collections relating to the American Colonial Church, iii. 98–99. On December 11, 1872, Bishop Perry wrote to Sibley stating that he had a copy of this letter and asking for information about Rawlins; and on December 27 he sent Sibley a copy of the letter, adding “I am very much obliged to you for the information you send.” The Massachusetts Historical Society owns Bishop Perry’s letters, but Sibley’s replies have not been preserved.

14 Andover Vital Records, i. 77. Dudley Bradstreet, the father, died on November 13, 1702 (ii. 397).

15 A. Abbot, History of Andover, p. 133; S. L. Bailey, Historical Sketches of Andover, p. 522.

16 Sewall, History of Woburn, pp. 214, 586.

17 Butler, History of Groton, pp. 165, 168. The date of ordination is sometimes wrongly given as June 16, 1706, and even as 1708.

18 Butler, History of Groton, pp. 166–167.

19 2 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, xii. 298–302; S. A. Green, Groton Historical Series, vol. i. no. x. pp. 1–5.

20 Leverett’s Diary, p. 90.

21 Diary, iii. 13.

22 Diary, pp. 90–91. They are headed “m^r Dudley Bradstreet’s Orders. 1. Diaconatus. . . . 2. Presbyter at as;” are entered between Corporations meetings held on July 22 and September 16, 1714; and in the margin is written “Reg. Sept. 1. 1714.”

23 Letter-Book, ii. 32.

24 ii. 32.

25 A Sermon Preach’d before the Incorporated Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts; . . . On Friday the 18th of February, 1714. . . . London: . . . 1715. Abstract Of the most material Proceedings and Occurrences within the past year’s Endeavours, p. 40. In his History of the Episcopal Church in Narragansett (1847, p. 452; 1907, iii. 63) Updike wrongly stated that Bradstreet was designed “for Marblehead or Narragansett,” and that he “died before ordination.” In the Classified Digest of the Records of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts (1893, p. 852) Bradstreet is said to have “qualified for Newbury Mission.”

26 This title is taken from the British Museum Catalogue. The title is not in Sabin, and I have been unable to locate a copy. Mr. Rollins’s statement (p. 3, above) that Rawlins printed “Two Sermons; 1715” may be correct, but no authority is cited.

27 College Book iv. 259.

28 Overseers’ Records, ii. 1.

29 The date 1757 was first attached to Rawlins’s name in the 1848 Triennial Catalogue.

30 The so-called “Gilman-Belknap-Winthrop-Pierce Triennial Catalogue,” now owned by the Massachusetts Historical Society, where the entry occurs: “Episc. min. London. B. — ob^t 1763 aged 76 E. — Epis. min. in London. G. Brit. W.” “B.” stands for Jeremy Belknap, and “W.” for William Winthrop (H.C. 1770). In 1864 Sibley wrote: “To the Doctor’s [Dr. Belknap’s] memoranda are additions by another hand, probably that of the Rev. Dr. John Eliot, of Boston” (1 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, viii. 45). Why Eliot gave that date remains unknown.

31 History of Plymouth Plantation (1912), i. 20–22.

32 In Bradford, History, i. 134.

33 In Young, Chronicles of the Pilgrim Fathers, pp. 396, 397.

34 History, i. 124–125.

35 Id. i. 191.

36 Laus Deo Optimo Maximo.

37 Peter Bours (H. C. 1747).

38 C. R. Batchelder, History of the Eastern Diocese (1910), i. 482. I am indebted to Mr. Percival Merritt for this reference and for the identification of “Mr. Bass.”

39 Richard Baxter (1615–1691), Thomas Emlyn (1663–1741), Matthew Henry (1662–1714), William Law (1686–1761).

40 Cf. A. H. Clough, Qua Cursum Ventus.

41 Belknap, History of New Hampshire (1792), ii. 169.

42 Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association Proceedings, iii. 392.

43 Temple and Sheldon, History of Northfield, pp. 99, 106.

44 Conant, Vermont Historical Reader (1907), p. 19.

45 New Hampshire State Papers, ix. 382–383, xxiv. 142, xxv. 115–123; Vermont Historical Gazetteer, vol. v. pt. ii. 251, 271, 274.

46 Massachusetts Province Laws, xii. 55–56.

47 xii. 197.

48 xiii. 34–35.

49 xviii. 44, 65. A plan of this grant is in Maps and’ Plans, xxxvii. 5, in the office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth.

50 John Stebbins’s Narrative, in Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association Proceedings, i. 148; Vermont Historical Gazetteer, vol. v. pt. ii. 275.

51 Massachusetts Province Laws, xii. 275 and note.

52 iv. 466.

53 xviii. 44 (June 25, 1765).

54 Massachusetts Province Laws, xi. 619–620 (October 1, 1731).

55 xi. 664 (June 30, 1732).

56 A perch is equivalent to one rod, or 5½ yards. As a square measure, a perch is equal to 30¼ square yards. 160 perches make an acre.

57 xi. 699–700.

58 xii. 499.

59 Massachusetts Province Laws, xii. 523.

60 Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association Proceedings, i. 148.

61 Cf. Publications of this Society, xvii. 113, 115.

62 Connecticut Colonial Boundaries, 1670–1727, Massachusetts, iii. 12 (December 12, 1695). This is a volume of manuscripts in the Connecticut State Library at Hartford relating to the Massachusetts-Connecticut boundary for the years indicated. It is hereafter cited as “Connecticut Colonial Boundaries, iii.”

63 Connecticut Colonial Records, v. 399. The story of this survey and of the agreements arrived at is a long one. The documentary evidence in the Massachusetts Archives, in the Connecticut Colonial Records, and in the Connecticut Colonial Boundaries (iii), is extensive. Many of the important facts will be found in Clarence W. Bowen’s Boundary Disputes of Connecticut (1882).

64 Connecticut Colonial Boundaries, iii. 34–35c; Massachusetts Court Records, ix. 300–301; Massachusetts Archives, cxvii. 689.

65 Massachusetts Court Records, ix. 338–339; Connecticut Colonial Boundaries, iii. 43a–43c. A list of the tracts south of the line is in iii. 45b.

66 Connecticut Colonial Boundaries, iii. 43–45c.

67 iii. 44, 44b.

68 iii. 45b.

69 As in Connecticut Colonial Boundaries, iii. 54, 81c, 81d; Connecticut Colonial Records, v. 13; Massachusetts Archives, ii. 276–276a.

70 Connecticut Colonial Boundaries, iii. 58c–58d.

71 Connecticut Colonial Boundaries, iii. 54.

72 Massachusetts Archives, xlvi. 437; cxiv. 770.

73 Massachusetts Archives, ii. 277–283.

74 Massachusetts Archives, ii. 278; Connecticut Colonial Boundaries, iii. 194–199.

75 B. Hall, History of Eastern Vermont, p. 106.

76 Court Records, xvi. 70 (November 30, 1734); Massachusetts Province Laws, xii. 58 (December 2, 1734).

77 Massachusetts Archives, xlvi. 528.

78 xlvi. 521–522.

79 New Hampshire State Papers, xxv. i. 51–58, 130–138, 363–369.

80 Massachusetts Archives, cxiii. 425–427.

81 cxiii. 431–433.

82 Massachusetts Province Laws, xii. 142–143 (June 19, 1735), xii. 252 (March 27, 1736).

83 xii. 289.

84 xii. 294.

85 Vol. xxvi.

86 Massachusetts House Journal, 1735, pp. 221, 225, 227; Province Laws, xii. 225–227 (January 15, 1736), xii. 232 (January 16, 1736), xii. 307 (December 17, 1736); Court Records, xvi. 276–277, 282, 373 (January 15, 16, November 30, 1736).

87 Province Laws, xii. 292 (November 30, 1736).

88 For Phinehas (Phineas) Stevens, see Publications of this Society, vi. 260, 260 note, 261 note 2.

89 Cf. Publications of this Society, vi. 137–151.

90 Province Laws, xii. 342.

91 For a memoir of Young, see Publications of this Society, xi. 2–54.

92 The pamphlet is no. 9889 in Evans, under Young’s name; no. 42758 in Sabin, under Lydius’s name; and no. 1405 in Trumbull’s List of Books printed in Connecticut, 1709–1800 (1904), under the title. The title reads:

Some Reflections on the Disputes between New-York, New-Hampshire, and Col. John Henry Lydius Of Albany. Qui ab altero fere tuleris, re inferes ipse.

To these Reflections are added, Some Rules of Law, fit to be observed in purchasing Land, &c. New-Haven: Printed and Sold by Benjamin Mecom. 1764.

Title, 1 leaf; Reflections, &c., pp. 3–21. The copy in the Boston Public Library ends on p. 21, the verso of which is blank. The copies in the New York Public Library and in the Henry E. Huntington Library have an additional leaf, the verso of which is blank, while the recto (in verse) is headed: “From an Old Book. Rules of Law, fit to be observed in purchasing Land, &c.” Cf. Publications of this Society, xi. 26 note 1.

93 It is No. 49 on the map in Documentary History of the State of New York (1849), i. 556.

94 Some Reflections, etc., pp. 12–13.

95 Id. p. 4.

96 Id. pp. 4, 5.

97 Id. pp. 5–6.

98 This boundary was determined in July, 1764, and became known in New York the following February or March.

99 The New York law of 1691 establishing counties left the northern extension of Albany County east of the Hudson indeterminate: “The County of Albany [to containl] the Manour of Renslaerswyck, Schenectady and all the villages neighbourhoods and Christian plantacons on the East side of Hudson’s River from Roeloffe Jansens Creeke and on the west side; from Sawyers Creeke to the utmost end of Saraghtooga” (Laws of New York, 1894, i. 268).

100 Particularly in the Calendar of the [New York] Council Minutes, 1668–1783 (1902), pp. 414–466; and in the Calendar of the Sir William Johnson Manuscripts in the New York State Library compiled by R. E. Day (1909).

101 Calendar of the Council Minutes, p. 452.

102 Calendar of the Council Minutes, p. 452; Calendar of New York Historical Manuscripts (1866), p. 719.

103 Calendar of the Council Minutes, p. 456.

104 Calendar of the Council Minutes, p. 457; Calendar of New York Historical Manuscripts, p. 729.

105 Calendar of the Sir W. Johnson Manuscripts, pp. 136, 169.

106 Province Laws, xiii. 543; xiv. 79, 592; xv. 105, 281; House Journal, 1745, p. 179; 1747, pp. 21, 175, 179; 1748, pp. 14, 56, 67, 114; 1755, pp. 233, 239.

107 New York Colonial Documents, vi. 561, 569, 577, 650; vii. 456; ix. 1019–1020.

108 New York Land Papers, xxxiv. 10–11, in the Land Bureau of the Secretary of State of New York.

109 New York Land Papers, xvi. 396–405.

110 Military Patents, xvi. 418–421.

111 In or near Lincoln, Vermont.

112 Documentary History of New York (1851), iv. 956; Hall, Early History of Vermont, p. 169.

113 At a meeting of the Council held 1 April, 1920, the following minute was adopted:

The Council have learned with sorrow of the death of their honored colleague ANDREW McFARLAND DAVIS, the Senior Vice-President of the Society, and for many years a member of this Board. Although the state of Mr. Davis’s health has deprived us of his presence at our meetings during the past three years, his wise counsel has always been at our service, and his kind and cordial greeting has been sent to us on more than one occasion. We shall long miss him, and we deplore the loss of his advice and cooperation in the varied interests of the Society. Nor can we say farewell to our old associate without an especial tribute of gratitude and appreciation for his unfailing loyalty and help in the early days of the Society before it had attained the recognized position which it now enjoys.

114 Cf. our Publications, xiv. 268–281.

115 Oddly enough, “Ashworth” was also a ghost benefactor, the name evidently being an error for “Henry Ashurst:” cf. our Publications, xx. 201–202.

116 History of Harvard University (1833), p. 50.

117 History of Harvard University, i. 510.

118 Sketch of the History of Harvard College (1848), p. 166.

119 College Book, iii. 60.

120 iii. 83.

121 Donation Book, i. 19. This was compiled about 1773.

122 There was a William Trusedale in England, who never came to this country. He is supposed to have been a brother of Deacon Richard Trusedale and the father of the Richard Trusedale who died in 1676 or 1677: see 2 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, iv. 78.

123 Savage, Genealogical Dictionary, iv. 335.

124 A. B. Ellis, History of the First Church, p. 328.

125 Hill, History of the Old South Church, i. 117–118.

126 Suffolk Probate Files, vii. 176, 177. That this Richard Trusedale was the deacon is shown by the fact that he is so called in several depositions and in the inventory.

127 Suffolk Probate Files, no. 885.

128 Suffolk Probate Records, v. 230, vi. 73.

129 Our Publications, v. 390, 391; W. C. Ford, Boston Book Market, pp. 43, 72; Memorial History of Boston, i. 469.

130 Boston Record Commissioners’ Reports, ix. 93, 101, 112.

131 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, Iii. 315.

132 Roberts, History of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, i. 209, 210.

133 Diary, ii. 12.*

134 History of Printing in America (1874), ii. 207, 208, 242.

135 Ford, Boston Book Market, p. 12.

136 Suffolk Probate Files, no. 486.

137 Diary, iii. 14.

138 The Greene Family (1901), p. 50.

139 Suffolk Probate Files, no. 5574.

140 Collation: Title, 1 leaf; Dedication, 1 leaf; “Officia Sacrata: or, Devotional Offices. In Three Parts” (half-title), 1 leaf; “View of H. Duties” (half-title), 1 leaf; “A General View of the Christian Duties, the Compiler’s Preliminary to the Retired Acts thereof,” pp. [i]–vii; Contents, pp. [viii]–[xi]; “Daily Offices. Part the First” (half-title), p. [1]; text, pp. [3]–56; Appendix to these Retired Acts, pp. [57]–80; “Eucharistical Offices. Part the Second” (half-title), p. [81]; text, pp. [83]–119; “Occasional Offices. Part the Third” (half-title), p. [121]; text, pp. [123]–224.

141 It is also the book-plate that I have found in all copies of the Elliston books that I have seen. Both book-plates are reproduced in facsimile in A. B. Keep’s History of the New York Society Library (1908), the 1725 one on p. 38, the later one on p. 41.

142 I do not find the name of Robert Elliston in the index to any volume by or about Franklin.

143 For information about this library I am indebted to Mr. Isadore G. Mudge.

144 Before I had an opportunity of examining the copies in the library of this institution, Mr. George Dobbin Brown kindly sent me information.

145 Collation: Title, 1 leaf; Address Dedicatory, pp. iii–vi (misprinted iv); General Matters in the Religious Instructions, pp. vii–xi; Version of the Mottos, pp. xii–xiv; Cognitiones Christianismi, pp. 1–242; Ἐπίλογος φιλοχρήστου, P. 243; Narratus, etc., pp. [244–245].

146 P. [244] ends with this word.

147 “Some account of Robert Elliston, gentleman. He was born in Middlesex in the year of salvation 1680, in Haberdashers’ Hall, fourteen full years after the Great Fire of London and on that very day; and at the beginning of the next century he had been for a time one of the clerks under the Hon. Edward Harley, Esq., Royal Auditor; then up to 1742 he was Comptroller of his Majesty’s Customs in the port of New York in America. All praise be assuredly to the Most High!” The building in which Mr. Elliston was born stood on the present site of Haberdashers’ Hall at no. 33 Gresham Street and Staining Lane, behind the General Post Office, and was erected immediately after the Great Fire from designs by Wren. Wren’s building was in turn in large part burned in or about 1840. Cf. Brayley, Londiniana, 1829, iv. 149, 151–152; Wheatley, London Past and Present, ii. 176; W. C. Hazlitt, Livery Companies of London, p. 289; P. H. Ditchfield, City Companies of London, pp. 115–116. For the translation of this inscription and of the dedication below, together with the comments, I am indebted to Professor Kittredge.

148 Collation: Title, 1 leaf; Address Dedicatory, 1 leaf; Contents, 1 leaf; Enchiridium Polychrestum, pp. [1]–[84].

149 “M. & C.” is probably an abbreviation for “Medicinae et Chirurgiae.” “Hinc . . . Plurimae” is unintelligible. Exopatur would be an easy misprint for exoratur, but exoptatur seems more likely, since exoratur means not to “ask” but to “obtain one’s request.” Erint is somebody’s blunder (Elliston’s or his printer’s); sense and grammar require sint. With these corrections it is possible that Elliston’s Latin was intended to signify: “To Mr. John Dupuy, scholarly physician and surgeon, these Instructions of Christianity are inscribed by R. Elliston his father-in-law. Hence it is earnestly desired that very many [of these Instructions] may be acceptable to him.” Ipsimet is so emphatic a word that one is tempted to guess that Elliston meant it to refer to Christ; but it is to be noted that in the other inscription he employs ipse where a mere “he” would be expected in English.

150 This inscription is printed wholly in capital letters.

151 Doubtless a misprint for “Quidam” (see the inscription of 1742, above).

152 Corrected with a pen to “Computatori.”

153 W. Berrian, Historical Sketch of Trinity Church (1847), p. 322.

154 Id. p. 355.

155 Id. p. 340.

156 Id. p. 55.

157 Id. p. 55 note.

158 Id. p. 57; Keep, History of the New York Society Library, pp. 33–35.

159 “Robert Ellison, Esq; Collector of the Customs at New-York” (London Magazine, July, 1732, i. 207). A similar item appeared in the Gentleman’s Magazine for the same month (ii. 877).

160 The New York Weekly Post Boy of July 22, 1745, stated that “Last Night, died . . . Mr. John Dupuy, M.D. and man-midwife; in which last Character it may truly be said here . . . There is none like him” (in C. M. Dupuy, Genealogical History of the Dupuy Family, p. 20).

161 For references to Elliston, other than those already cited, see: New York Colonial Documents, v. 774 (where “R^ll Elliston” clearly stands for “Rt Elliston”); Calendar of New York Historical Manuscripts (1866), ii. 465, 543; Ecclesiastical Records State of New York (1902), iv. 2927; Memorial History of New York City, iv. 113–114; Calendar of [New York] Council Minutes (1902), pp. 288, 316; Abstracts of Wills (Collections New York Historical Society), iii. 97, 283, iv. 327, viii. 254, 295, 369; M. Dix, History of the Parish of Trinity Church, i. 220, iv 575; W. Berrian, Facts against Fancy (1856), p. 61; W. Berrian, Historical Sketch of Trinity Church, pp. 85, 334; Keep, History of the New York Society Library, p. 122; H. B. Dupuy, The Huguenot Bartholomew Dupuy and his Descendants (1908), p. 391 (where the name is wrongly given as “Ellister”); C. M. Dupuy, Genealogical History of the Dupuy Family (1910), pp. 16, 19, 21, 22, 24, 26, 155.

My particular thanks are due to Mr. Robert H. Kelby of the New York Historical Society, who has kindly sent me some data which were collected by his brother, the late William Kelby.

162 Pennsylvania Magazine, xiii. 207–215; also separately printed the same year.

163 Sketches of Printers and Printing in Colonial New York (1895), pp. 37–38.

164 These are: E. Pemberton, Sermon Preached . . . On Occasion of the Death of John Nicoll, M.D. (1743); D. Horsmanden, “Negro Plot” (1744); and E. Pemberton, Sermon Delivered at the Presbyterian Church in New-York, July 31, 1746 (1746).

165 Sketches, etc., p. 35.

166 Hildeburn (Pennsylvania Magazine, xiii. 209) assigns to Parker’s press the Rev. John Beach’s “Sermon on Eternal Life” (1745). According to Haven and to Evans this book was printed at Newport, R. I. I have found no copy of the 1745 edition in the libraries about here, but the title-page of a later edition reads in part: “A Sermon shewing, that Eternal Life Is God’s Free Gift, Bestowed upon all Men who obey the Gospel. . . . Newport: Printed by the Widow Franklin, at the Town-School-House. 1745. Newport: Re-printed at the Office of the Newport Mercury 1806.”

167 See J. Nichols, Biographical and Literary Anecdotes of William Bowyer, Printer, F. S. A. (1782), and J. Nichols, Literary Anecdotes of the Eighteenth Century (1812), ii. 1–461. Elliston’s name apparently does not appear in either of these works.

168 A border frequently employed in the Officia Sacrata—it is found on pp. 18, 20, 23, 39, 41, 77, 99, 107, 112, 114, 158, 183, 207, 209 — appears to be identical with a border in Roger North’s Examen, printed by Bowyer in 1740 (Advertisement, signature b). It should be added that no copies of the Elliston books are in the British Museum, nor do I find them recorded in Watt or Lowndes.

169 The paper on which the Officia Sacrata is printed has no water-mark. The paper on which the Enchiridium Polychrestum is printed has a singularly distinct water-mark: a figure of Neptune and his trident, the words “Pro Patria,” and the name “J: Evers Vierevant.” Perhaps Vierevant was a Continental paper-maker. The water-mark of the paper on which the Cognitiones Christianismi is printed is not easy to read, but the words “Pro Patria” are clear.

170 The Enchiridium Polychrestum is entered in Evans’s American Bibliography (no. 4941), doubtless, as Mr. Evans writes me, on the authority of Hildeburn. Mr. Evans now thinks that the book must have been printed in England.

171 See the Columbian Magazine, December, 1788, ii. 673.

172 At this time the Board of Overseers was composed of the members of the Governor’s Council, and the teaching elders of Boston, Cambridge, Watertown, Charlestown, Roxbury, and Dorchester, with the Governor (Samuel Shute), the Lieutenant-Governor (William Dummer), and the President of the College (John Leverett).

173 See no. ii, pp. 89–90, below.

174 See p. 90 note 1, below.

175 See p. 95 note 1, below.

176 See the other plan (reproduced facing page 100) and the note in regard to it, p. 95, below.

177 Among the reasons set forth are that the number of resident students, graduates and undergraduates, amounted to 124, that the studies to receive them when the smaller building was finished would amount to but 116, or eight less than the number of students at that time, while the larger building would accommodate 134, or only ten more than the present number. These figures are puzzling. Why should the building when doubled in size contain only 18 additional studies? One would expect the number to be 32, for the building when actually completed in its larger form contained 64 studies altogether, or two in each of the 32 chambers. The explanation may be something like this. Harvard and Stoughton are supposed to have contained 72 studies. The fifty-foot building then under way, with four large square chambers on each floor, each having windows on two sides, may well have had three studies to each chamber, as proposed in Wadsworth’s draught plan. This would give us twelve studies on each floor, and if in the roof story only eight studies (two to a chamber) were provided, we should have the forty-four which, added to seventy-two, gives the 116 mentioned in the report. On extending the building to the 100-foot length, the plan was in fact changed so far as to give but two studies to each chamber, or 64 in all. This would give 136 for the three buildings, which is only two in excess of the number mentioned in the committee’s report.

178 On July 29, 1720, Judge Sewall recorded (Diary, iii. 259) that he waited “on the President, and Chuse a Chamber in the New-College for Cousin Quincey, and Sam. Hirst,” the latter his grandson. The youths were Edmund Quincy of the class of 1722 and Samuel Hirst of the class of 1723.

179 The address was printed in full, by special vote of the House, in rather handsome typography, in its Journal. It has been reprinted at the Harvard University Press in broadside form, following carefully the style of the original, for the Harvard Memorial Society, in honor of the two hundredth anniversary of the day on which it was first presented.

180 President Leverett’s Diary, p. 133.

181 President Leverett’s Diary, p. 134.

182 In President Leverett’s Diary (p. 135) this phrase reads: “the Slender Authority the College is capable of Exerting in the Town.” Cf. no. iii, p. 91, below.

183 This memorial is entered in Leverett’s Diary, pp. 134–136, but as printed in the text is copied from College Book iii. 164–163, which differs in some minor points of phrasing and spelling.

184 President Leverett’s Diary, p. 136.

185 Court Records, x. 188–189.

186 House Journal (1919), p. 249.

187 Court Records, x. 190.

188 Court Records, x. 195.

189 Court Records, x. 206. The same text is found in House Journal (1919), pp. 261–262.

190 Court Records, x. 207.

191 House Journal (1919), pp. 262–263.

192 House Journal (1919), pp. 263–264.

193 Court Records, x. 210.

194 House Journal (1919), p. 264.

195 A plan, reproduced facing page 94, made apparently by Benjamin Wadsworth, since the words and figures on it are in his hand, still remaining in the Library files (M3454F.4), may well be the draught mentioned in this vote. On the back of the plan is written, also in Wadsworth’s hand, the following:

Some model for a College

A College 98 Feet Long 43 wide. Walls 2 & half bricks thick. Two Entryways, each 7 feet wide. one solid brick afoot thick athwart in ye middle. Three stories high, 8½ feet each, and so 8 foot in y^e clear between y^e floor & cieling. 8 chambers in a story, each of them 20 feet square, excepting what’s taken up by ye chimneys. 3 studies in every front-chamber, by borrowing 3 foot 4 Inches out of y^e Entry way; and two studies in each of y^e Rere-chambers viz 60 in all. Every studie to be five feet long, four & an half wide, or there may be three studies in each of y^e Rere-end chambers, by reason of y^e end-lights, then y^e whole number will be 66. The * or stars are studies. D.L. is a Door way in y^e first story, & Lights in y^e higher ones.

If y^e middle, as well as y^e end, chambers, in y^e Rere, have three studies each, yn y^e whole will be seventy two. And if it be thus contriv’d, each chamber (besides Lights for y^e studies) may have one window 6 foot deep, 4 foot 4 Inches wide, which will have more than 16 square feet of Glass, and yt surely will be enough to Inlighten one chamber.

Another plan (reproduced facing p. 100, below), more like the building finally erected, is in Harvard College Papers, i. 16. On the face of the plan is written in ink “A Plan for the New College,” and in pencil “This is the hand of Thomas Prince J W.” The latter words were written by the late Justin Winsor. On the back of the plan is written in ink “Plan of the New College” — these words being also in the hand of Thomas Prince. Exactly when Prince made these endorsements it is impossible to say, but presumably it was after October 1, 1718, on which day he became an Overseer by virtue of his ordination as colleague pastor of the Old South Church, Boston.

The lettering of this plan is identified by Mr. Albert Matthews as doubtless in the hand of President Leverett. At first glance this plan would seem to be designed for the smaller building, which was all the House would consent to at first. In fact, however, the outline of the whole building is given, but only one half is filled in. The disposition of the chimneys agrees with the building as carried out.

196 House Journal (1919), p. 265.

197 House Journal (1919), p. 269.

198 Court Records, x. 220–221.

199 House Journal, p. 19.

200 Id. p. 21.

201 Court Records, x. 267.

202 House Journal, p. 33.

203 Court Records, x. 283.

204 This relates to the trouble caused by Ebenezer Pierpont in 1718 and the various meetings of Corporation and Overseers held to consider it.

205 Diary, pp. 152–153.

206 For the memorial, see no. xxiii, pp. 101–102, below.

207 William Dummer.

208 Leverett’s Diary, pp. 153–154, 156–159.

209 In regard to the number of studies, see p. 85 note 1, above.

210 College Book, iii. 162–161. The memorial is also given in Leverett’s Diary, pp. 154–156.

211 Paul Dudley.

212 Diary, iii. 402–403.

213 House Journal, p. 45.

214 House Journal, p. 56.

215 House Journal, pp. 3–4.

216 The house in which President Leverett lived was taken down.

217 Court Records, x. 350–352.

218 College Book, iv. 66.

219 Leverett’s Diary, pp. 173–174.

220 College Book, iv. 67.

221 Leverett’s Diary, p. 178.

222 House Journal, p. 10.

223 House Journal, p. 6. The Council concurred on November 5th (Court Records, xi. 41–42).

224 House Journal, pp. 31–33.

225 In a private note of the same date Lord Bryce says: “The Pilgrim Fathers Celebrations have passed off with keen interest and great success in many parts of England, and a remarkable display of fraternal feeling towards America in general, and New England in particular.”

226 Our Publications, vol. xxii. pp. lv–lxii.

227 Though not entitled, strictly speaking, to be called Dr. Briggs until 1855, I have uniformly applied that title to him.

228 Cf. our Publications, xxiii. 600–603, 710–712.

229 Our Publications, vol. xxii. pp. lx–lxi.

230 These two, if I have read them correctly, are thus entered:

1851 Prize Diss. Christ with the Doctors.
1890 Privilege of life to-day in unity.

231 Most of the sermons were preached more than once, many of them several times. Thus no. 238 was preached twenty-five times between 1840 and 1862, no. 3 twenty-seven times between 1852 and 1863, and no. 55 twenty-nine times between 1845 and 1863. Dr. Briggs frequently preached elsewhere than in his own pulpit. He pretty well covered the eastern part of Massachusetts, and sermons are recorded as having been preached in Baltimore, Brooklyn, Buffalo, Chicago, Cincinnati, Keene, New York, Portsmouth (N. H.), Providence, St. Louis, and Washington (D. C.).

232 Many clippings in (C) are taken from The Christian Inquirer (New York) for 1848, and from these it appears — though his name is nowhere mentioned — that Dr. Briggs was editor of that paper for about three months in that year. A brief editorial in the issue of April 15th, headed “Our Present Number,” states that “The present editor has been unable to give as much attention as he hopes to bestow, in future, to the paper of this week. A part of the copy was made up before his arrival. Perhaps it might be proper to apologize for what he has done, rather than for what he has not inserted. The entire charge of the paper, in future, for a few weeks, will devolve upon himself.” Then follows a long “Introductory,” beginning as follows: “The temporary editor of the Christian Inquirer would have greatly preferred to enter upon his brief service, without any special introduction. Indeed, he did not fully realize that he should have any claim to the title of editor until he found himself thus announced. The readers of the paper, therefore, may begin to imagine, though they cannot really apprehend his dismay as he read the Valedictory of his predecessors.” A long valedictory in the issue of July 8th, headed “Editorial,” begins with this paragraph:

“In consequence of the somewhat oppressive kindness of our predecessors’ introduction of us to the readers of the Inquirer, we were compelled to take the editorial chair in form three months ago, instead of sliding into it, unobserved, as we had hoped. The same original sin of our friends makes it necessary, now that our brief engagement has closed, distinctly to state that fact also. Our connection with the paper does not entirely close; but as we cannot be an Editor in New York, while on the sea-shore in Massachusetts, the special charge of its columns will pass into other hands.”

Clippings from every issue of the Christian Inquirer from July 15th to December 30th, 1848, are pasted into (C), but how many of the articles were written by Dr. Briggs himself it is impossible to say, as none are signed with either his name or his initials. But an article entitled “Present Experience of Immortal Life,” in the issue of July 29th, has at the bottom “G. W. Briggs” written in ink in his own hand.

233 Thus (D) contains only pp. 23–49 of no. 1; only pp. 25–36 of no. 21; and only pp. 41–52 of no. 54. See pp. 126, 132, 139, below.

234 Pasted into (C) is a clipping from the Microcosm of September 9, 1825, giving an account of the Commencement exercises at Brown University on September 7th. From this it appears that no. 7 on the programme was “A Greek Oration on Grecian Literature. By George W. Briggs.”

235 For the title of the sermon preached on this occasion, see no. 1, p. 126, below.

236 See our Publications, xxiii. 591–596.

237 The sermon preached on this occasion was published with the following title:

A Sermon, preached at the Installation of Rev. George W. Briggs, as Pastor of the First Church in Salem, January 6, 1853. By John Hopkins Morison, Pastor of the First Church in Milton. Salem: . . . 1853.

Title, 1 leaf; Sermon, pp. [3]–28; Right Hand of Fellowship, by Rev. Dr. Flint, of Salem, pp. [29]–32; Notices of the First Church in Salem and its Ministers, 1629 to 1853, by a Member, pp. [33]–62; Index, p. [63].

The cover reads: “Sermon at the Installation of Rev. George W. Briggs, as Pastor of the First Church in Salem, by Rev. Mr. Morison, of Milton. Right Hand of Fellowship, by Rev. Dr. Flint, of Salem. With Notices of the First Church and its Ministers by a Member.” The Notices were written by Daniel Appleton White, as appears from Dr. Briggs’s Memoir of Judge White, p. 43: see no. 63, p. 140, below.

238 “On Wednesday evening last, the installation of Rev. George W. Briggs, D.D., as pastor of the Cambridgeport Parish (Austin Street Unitarian Society) took place at the church” (Cambridge Chronicle, Saturday, April 6, 1867, p. 2/1). Dr. Briggs remained sole pastor until April 11, 1889: “The installation of the Rev. John Tunis as associate minister of the Third Congregationalist Society took place Thursday evening at the church on Austin street, . . . Rev. George W. Briggs made the address to the people” (Cambridge Chronicle, Saturday, April 13, 1889, p. 3/1). Cf. General Catalogue of the Divinity School of Harvard University (1910), p. 122.

239 This account is based on Professor Briggs’s sketch of his father cited in the next note. Cf. General Catalogue of the Divinity School of Harvard University (1910), p. 44.

240 LeB. R. Briggs, “George Ware Briggs, 1810–1895,” in Heralds of a Liberal Faith, III, The Preachers (1910), pp. 37–40.

241 See no. 62, p. 140, below.

242 Our Publications, vol. xxii. pp. lx–lxi.

243 In this list, the items are arranged by date of delivery, not necessarily that of publication.

244 That of George Latimer: see H. Wilson, Rise and Fall of the Slave Power in America, i. 477–480.

245 Samuel Hoar (1778–1856; H. C. 1802) had been appointed agent by Governor Briggs on October 11, 1844: see Memorial Biographies of the New England Historic Genealogical Society (1883), iii. 113.

246 Possibly this is an error for Fairhaven, where Dr. Briggs delivered the “Address to the Society” at the ordination of the Rev. Thomas Dawes on October 30, 1844 (The Monthly Religious Magazine, December, 1844, i. 427).

247 The book was advertised in the Christian Register of December 20, 27, 1845, January 31, March 7, October 24, 1846, etc., xxiv. 203, 207, xxv. 19, 40, 171. It is described from the only copy I have seen, kindly loaned to me by Miss Catherine E. Russell of Boston.

248 William Thomas.

249 Zephaniah Willis was born at Bridgewater February 24, 1757; graduated at Harvard College in 1778; was ordained at Kingston October 18, 1780; withdrew in 1828; and died at Kingston March 6, 1847.

250 There is pasted into (C) the “Plymouth School Report for 1850,” no doubt taken from a Plymouth newspaper, though the name and date have been cut off. The School Committee consisted of “G. W. Briggs, R. Tomlinson, Adiel Harvey.” Following the Report is a letter signed “G. W. B.,” undated, which begins as follows: “Mr. Editor. —When the School Committee presented their Report for the last year, all of the School Registers had not been returned. Will you permit me to communicate through your paper, some of the statistics of the schools, which have been since obtained, for the information of the town?” Perhaps this Report was written by Dr. Briggs, but it is excluded from the list of his writings merely because it is not included in (A).

251 The Unitarian Book and Pamphlet Society was formed in August, 1827. Its Constitution, with the names of members, was published in Boston in 1829. Nos. 23, 34, 51, 56, 57, and 62, are reports of sermons or addresses.

252 Reprinted from The Monthly Religious Magazine for December, 1853, x. 558–568.

253 James Flint was born at Reading December 10, 1779; graduated at Harvard College in 1802; was settled at East Bridgewater October 29, 1806, resigning in 1821; was settled in the East Church, Salem, September 19, 1821; and died at Salem, March 4, 1855.

254 Also printed in the Essex County Mercury of June 4, 1856.

255 See W. Cushing’s Index to the Christian Register (1879), pp. 88, 139.

256 See also Boston Daily Advertiser, September 19 (p. 1/6), 21 (pp. 1/6, 1/8, 4/1), 22 (p. 1/6, where the “probable number of drowned” is given as 419, pp. 2/1, 2/3), 23 (pp. 1/8, 4/1).

257 See Report of the Treasurer of the Committee of Relief for the Sufferers by the Fall of the Pemberton Mill (1860); Final Report of the Treasurer, etc. (1861); J. F. C. Hayes, History of the City of Lawrence (1868), pp. 99–127; H. A. Wadsworth, History of Lawrence (1880), pp. 161–162.

258 Frederic West Lander was born in Salem December 17, 1822, and died in West Virginia March 2, 1862.

259 Also printed in the Salem Gazette of March 11, p. 2/2.

260 The name originally chosen was apparently Salem “Unconditional League:” see Salem Register, February 26 (p. 2/2), March 2 (p. 2/1), March 9 (pp. 2/3, 2/7), March 12 (p. 2/2), March 19 (pp. 2/2, 2/7).

261 Pickering Dodge Allen was born at Salem May 20, 1838, and died at Brashear City, Missouri, June 2, 1863. His father was John Fisk Allen.

262 Reprinted from Historical Collections of the Essex Institute, February and March, 1864, vi. 1–24, 49–71.

263 The square brackets are in the original.

264 Nathaniel Hall was born at Medford August 13, 1805; ordained at Dorchester July 16, 1835.

265 The centennial celebration in New York of Washington’s inauguration took place on Tuesday, April 30, 1889.

266 In this list, the dates are those of delivery, not necessarily of publication.

267 Proceedings, lii. 285–312.

268 Sephardi is the name by which a Jew of Spanish or Portuguese origin is usually designated.

269 Rovigo is a small city on the present railway between Padua and Ferrara.

270 Our Publications, vol. xxii. p. li.

271 Sketches of Mr. Ball are printed in Hurd’s History of Worcester County (1889), ii. 907–908, 920–921 (where will be found a portrait); in the Unitarian Year Book, 1903, pp. 156–157; and in the General Catalogue of the Meadville Theological School (1910), p. 2. See also our Publications, xxiii. 715, 716; Leominster Vital Records, p. 12; Bolton Vital Records, p. 109; C. F. Walcott, History of the Twenty-First Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers (1882), pp. 16, 50, 92, 167, 235, 430; W. A. Emerson, Leominster, Historical and Picturesque (1888), pp. 95, 110; New England Historical and Genealogical Register, xxii. 86, 87.

272 Actually written “Sergeant Joseph Ryde Ryder.” The name “Ryde” coming at the extreme right hand of the page, there was no room for the final letter and so “Ryder” was written on the line below.

273 To this point the entry is crossed out.

274 To this point the entry is crossed out.

275 “Josiah” is preceded by “Major,” crossed out.

276 To this point the entry is crossed out.

277 This name is clearly “Iyde” or “Jyde.” In the Plymouth Colony Records occur the following: Nicholas Hyde (or Hide), ii. 123, 126, iii. 4, 66, iv. 15, 151, v. 19, 278; Nicholas Ide (or Iyd or Iyde), iii. 158, v. 146, 209, 234, 237, vi. 8, 62, 86, viii. 100, 121, 201, 209; Jyde, iii. 119, iv. 84. According to Savage, there was no Nicholas Hyde in New England in the seventeenth century. On the other hand, there were several persons named Nicholas Ide. Presumably, therefore, “Hyde” as printed in the Plymouth Colony Records, is a misreading of “Ide” or one of its variants.

278 This entry is crossed out.

279 This name is crossed out.

280 This name is crossed out.

281 This entry is crossed out.

282 This name is crossed out.

283 This name is crossed out.

284 To this point the entry is crossed out.

285 This name is crossed out.

286 This name is crossed out.

287 This name is crossed out.

288 This name is crossed out.

289 This name is crossed out.

290 This name is crossed out.

291 This name is crossed out.

292 To this point the entry is crossed out.

293 To this point the entry is crossed out.

294 To this point the entry is crossed out.

295 To this point the entry is crossed out.

296 To this point the entry is crossed out.

297 This name is crossed out.

298 This name is crossed out.

299 This name is crossed out.

300 This name is crossed out.

301 To this point the entry is crossed out.

302 To this point the entry is crossed out.

303 This name is crossed out.

304 This name is crossed out.

305 This name is crossed out.

306 Presumably this word was “Propounded:” cf. Plymouth Colony Records, vi. 42, 62, 86, etc.

307 “For I determined not to know any thing among you, save Jesus Christ, and him Crucified.” On p. 1 the text is wrongly attributed to 1 Cor. ii. 6.

308 Title, 1 leaf; Dedication, pp. i–iv; Sermon, pp. 1–18. The headline on each page reads, “A Sermon Preached in the College, &c.”

309 Our Publications, xii. 220, 227–231.

310 For a sketch of him, see A. C. Potter and C. K. Bolton, Librarians of Harvard College, 1667–1877, Library of Harvard University, Bibliographical Contributions, No. 52 (1897), p. 16.

311 Here the word “thereof” or “whereof” is crossed out.

312 This is a portrait seal.

313 Faculty Records, iii. 42; Boxford Vital Records, p. 21; S. Perley, History of Boxford (1880), p. 353.

314 Faculty Records, iii. 118. Cf. our Publications, xvii. 277, 281.

315 Faculty Records, iii. 100, 150, 152, 155, 173, 183.

316 New England Historical and Genealogical Register, xxiv. 56, 59, 60, 61.

317 Faculty Records, iii. 41.

318 New England Historical and Genealogical Register, xxx. 34.

319 Faculty Records, ii. 241; Andover Vital Records, i. 161; Ellen F. Barker, Frye Genealogy (1920), p. 54.

320 Faculty Records, iii. 50, 67–68, 105–106, 152, 154.

321 Faculty Records, iii. 41; Grafton Vital Records, p. 75; F. B. Dexter, Yale Biographies and Annals, ii. 122; C. A. Downs, History of Lebannon, N. H., p. 151, etc. In C. H. Bell’s Bench and Bar of New Hampshire (p. 455) it is wrongly stated that Hutchinson was born in Connecticut and graduated at Yale College in 1770.

322 Faculty Records, iii. 118; J. Chapman, Leonard Weeks of Greenland, New Hampshire, and Descendants, 1639–1888 (1889), p. 20; New England Historical and Genealogical Register, xxix. 37. In the last two works Clement Weeks is stated to have died January 4, 1829. This is an error for January 6, 1830. An obituary notice appeared in the New Hampshire Gazette of January 12, 1830, p. 3/3.

323 The last two or three letters are uncertain.

324 Here something is crossed out.

325 Altered from “2^d.”

326 The words “2^d Lieut.” are written above “Ensign,” crossed out.

327 Altered from “Clark.”

328 The first figure is somewhat uncertain.

329 Here the words “Rice ter^t 4 Sargent Lane” are crossed out.

330 P. 347.

331 William Wetmore was born at Middletown, Ct., October 30, 1749; was for many years an attorney in Salem; was in Boston in 1787, and died there November 19, 1830. (2 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, xvi. 313 note.)

332 Solomon Vose was born at Milton February 22, 1768; practised law at Northfield; removed to Augusta, Maine, in 1803, and died there in 1809. (2 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, xvi. 339 note.)

333 Collection of College Words and Customs, ed. 1851, pp. 156–157; ed. 1856, pp. 247–248. Cf. 1 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, viii. 69 note.

334 Harvard Book (1875), i. 42, ii. 375. Cf. A. S. Pier, Story of Harvard (1913), p. 78.

335 Faculty Records, iii. 118; History of Hingham (1893), ii. 23; J. Thacher, American Medical Biography (1828), i. 143–144.

336 Faculty Records, iii. 119; Boston Record Commissioners’ Reports, xxiv. 281; Thacher, American Medical Biography, ii. 238–241. Cf. our Publications, xix. 286, 288, 289 note.

337 Faculty Records, iii. 119; Boston Record Commissioners’ Reports, xxi. 149.

338 For a sketch of him, see our Publications, xxi. 280–283.

339 Faculty Records, iii. 118; Haverhill Vital Records, i. 235, ii. 452; I. Osgood, Genealogy of the Descendants of John, Christoper and William Osgood (1894), pp. 46, 91–92.

340 Faculty Records, iii. 169; Newbury Vital Records, i. 378, ii. 682.

341 Faculty Records, iii. 169; Sturbridge Vital Records, p. 110; A. H. Ward, Genealogical History of the Rice Family (1858), pp. 81, 145–146.

342 Faculty Records, iii. 119; Ipswich Vital Records, i. 343; Newburyport Vital Records, ii. 789.

343 Faculty Records, iii. 119; Martha J. Tenney, Tenney Family (1904), pp. 51, 86–87; Biographical Congressional Directory, 1774–1911 (1913), p. 1047; Thacher, American Medical Biography, ii. 117–121.

344 Faculty Records, iii. 119; Wyman, Genealogies and Estates of Charlestown, ii. 1007.

345 Faculty Records, iii. 118.

346 Haverhill Vital Records, i. 312; New Hampshire Town Papers, xiii. 434; Biographical Congressional Directory (1913), p. 1105. In the last cited work the date of his death is wrongly given as August 11, 1811. An obituary notice appeared in the Columbian Centinel of June 29, 1811, p. 2/4. This Phillips White (1729–1811) was the son of William and Sarah (Phillips) White of Haverhill.

347 College Book, i. 43, 45; our Publications, xv. 26, 31.

348 C. A. Bristed, Five Years in an English University, 2d ed., 1852, p. 13. See also B. H. Hall, Collection of College Words and Customs, 1856, p. 192.

349 College Book, i. 182–183; our Publications, xv. 135.

350 College Book, iii. 42; our Publications, xv. 209.

351 College Book, iii. 40; our Publications, xv. 207.

352 This name is somewhat obscure: perhaps it is “Langhorn.” So far as it is known there was no Thomas Langham here at that time. There was, however, a Thomas Longhorn (or Longhorne) then at Cambridge, though, since he was a butcher and town drummer, it does not seem likely that he could have been the man. Nor could his son Thomas have been the fellow-commoner, since he died in infancy.

353 John Ven was one of the patentees named in the Massachusetts charter of 1629 (our Publications, ii. 10, 11, 12, 13), and his son Thomas was here in 1644 to look after his father’s interests: see Massachusetts Colony Records, ii. 76, iii. 8.

354 See p. 170, below.

355 Presumably Edward Pelham: see p. 174, below.

356 As there were between 1642 and 1678 no fewer than nine graduates whom these initials would fit, the identification of this I.B. is hopeless.

357 The only alumnus — graduate or temporary student — whose name fits these initials is William Whittingham of the Class of 1660.

358 Speaking of the Rev. Samuel Parris, of unhappy memory in the witchcraft episode at Salem, Savage says that he “was educated at Harvard but left before graduation” (Genealogical Dictionary, iii. 345–346). No evidence is known to support this notion, and perhaps Savage confused Samuel Parris with the “M^r Parish” for whose study glass was furnished on March 5, 1644 (College Book, i. 3). On the extreme right of the page is written in pencil (of course very much later) “his son 1659.” If this is correct, the Mr. Parish who was living at the College in some unknown capacity was Thomas Parish, father of the Thomas Parish who graduated in 1659. There is some reason for believing that the Rev. Samuel Parris and the Thomas Parish who was in the Class of 1659 were brothers.

359 College Book, i. 79; our Publications, xv. 62.

360 College Book, i. 78; our Publications, xv. 60.

361 This line, and the note after the third line, were evidently written in at a different time.

362 See p. 175, below.

363 See p. 175, below.

364 This was Thomas Shepard of the Class of 1653.

365 See p. 174, below.

366 College Book, i. 85; our Publications, xv. 73.

367 College Book, iv. 192; our Publications, xvi. 651.

368 UAI 3. 5.

369 1 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, x. 403–408; F. B. Dexter, Historical Papers, pp. 1–5.

370 They show, for instance, that the French, German, and Italian instructors were not accommodated in University Hall, but that Francis Sales had his classes in No. 5 Hollis Hall, Charles Follen in No. 7 Massachusetts Hall, and Pietro Bachi in No. 5 Stoughton Hall.

371 The numbers within square brackets indicate the corresponding numbers on the plates accompanying this paper. For an explanation of the numbers within parentheses, preceded by the letters “M. F. A.,” see p. 171 note 3, below.

The plates accompanying this paper, facing pp. 166 and 172, show eleven pieces of silver, which, with the names (where known) of their donors or owners, are as follows:

Plate I

1. 1 Bowl: Edward Holyoke
2. 2 Tea-pot: William Kneeland
3. 3 Cup: Samuel Browne
4. 4 Tankard
5. 5 Tankard

Plate II

1. 6 Tankard: John Vassall. Cf. No. 11
2. 7 Candlestick: Henry Flynt. Cf. No. 10
3. 8 Cup: William Stoughton
4. 9 Salt: Richard Harris
5. 10 Candlestick: Henry Flynt. Cf. No. 7
6. 11 Tankard: William Vassall. Cf. No. 6

372 College Book, i. 3, 10. The earlier account is dated March 5, 1644.

373 Cf. Publications Cambridge Historical Society, iii. 14–15.

374 Cf. p. 89, above.

375 Nearly all of the early silver owned by the College was included in an exhibition of American silver at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts in 1906, and is described and figured in its catalogue “American Silver: the Work of Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century Silversmiths, exhibited at the Museum of Fine Arts, June to November, 1906.” The numbers in this catalogue are here noted within parentheses, preceded by the letters “M. F. A.,” after each piece described there.

376 “Item I give to Harvard College in Cambridge, sixty pounds to be Improved for purchasing an handsom piece of Plate for y^e College, with my Coat of Arms on it” (College Book, iii. 105; our Publications, xv. 282).

377 E. D. Hines, Browne Hill and what has happened there, in Essex Institute Historical Collections, 1896, xxxii, 214.

378 College Book, iv. 93.

379 Cf. our Publications, xix. 8.

380 The name of Benjamin Browne is found in the list of temporary students printed in our Publications, xvii. 271–285, but not the names of Edward Paige, Langham, or Ven. Mr. Matthews tells me that the last three names were in his manuscript list but were excluded from the printed list because the facts in regard to them were so obscure.

381 Harvard Graduates, i. 549, 573. I am indebted to Mr. S. F. Batchelder for calling my attention to these references.

382 Peirce, History of Harvard University, pp. 313–314.

383 In the University Archives (UAI 3.200) is a copy of notes relating to the Harris salt and other pieces of silver, written by Librarian Thaddeus W. Harris in 1847 for President Everett’s use at the Commencement dinner of that year; also typewritten notes on the College silver by J. H. Buck, an Englishman in the employ of the Gorham Manufacturing Co., made in 1886. An illustrated article by Mr. Buck was printed in The Curio, September, 1887, i. 20–22.

Thomas’s History of Printing in America (ed. 1874, ii. 383–390) gives various documents connected with the lawsuits between the Glover heirs and President Dunster. In the inventories several pieces of silver are mentioned, but there seems to be no reason to connect any of them with the silver mentioned in the early College lists.

384 Several years ago Professor Le Baron R. Briggs called the attention of Mr. Matthews to a medal which was then owned by the daughters of the late Dr. Jonathan Greely Stevenson, who graduated at Harvard in the class of 1816. The medal, which is now in the collection of the Massachusetts Historical Society, is in the shape of a star with fourteen points, and bears on one side the inscription:

Fide et Amicitia

K. P. S.

1809

And on the other side is inscribed:

J. Greely Stevenson M.D.

Boston

b. 1790. d. 1835.

The significance of the letters “K. P. S.” eluded Mr. Matthews’s research, but the book-plate exhibited by Mr. Potter makes it reasonably certain that they stand for “Knights of the Pudding Stick.” The date 1809 undoubtedly indicates the year in which the society or club was started. Dr. Stevenson in 1813 became a member of the Knights of the Square Table —a fact which tends to corroborate Mr. Potter’s conclusion that the older club was merged in the younger one, both being later absorbed by the Porcellian.

385 Parkman became a member of the Knights of the Square Table in 1810.

386 Land in Rowley was bequeathed to the College by the Rev. Ezekiel Rogers, who died in 1661. For many years the land was leased, but in 1733 the College obtained from the General Court permission to sell it. The portion sold to Daniel Hale in 1738 consisted of “Four freehold Rights or Com̄onages in Mill Swamp pasture in y^e lower Com̄: in Rowley,” etc. The deed is signed by the President, Fellows, and Treasurer of the College.

387 This is one of the earliest seals attached to such a document now extant.

The impression is unfortunately a poor one, but the word “Christo” is very clear.

388 The Rev. John Wilson (1621–1691; H. C. 1642) of Medfield was the son of the Rev. John Wilson (1588–1667) of Boston.

389 Apparently altered from “4^th.”

390 By cousin is here meant nephew. The Rev. John Danforth (1660–1730; H. C. 1677) of Dorchester was the son of the Rev. Samuel Danforth (H. C. 1643) of Roxbury, who married Mary Wilson, a sister of the Rev. John Wilson of Medfield.

391 This John Wilson (1660–1728) is said (cf. our Publications, xvii. 275, 285) to have been a temporary student at Harvard. He taught school at Medfield, preached at New Haven, returned to Medfield where, owing to the opposition of the town, he failed to succeed his father as pastor, and removed to Braintree, where he practised medicine from 1692 to his death. See New England Historical and Genealogical Register, lxi. 38–41, 127–129; W. S. Tilden, History of Medfield, pp. 520–524.

392 This was the mother of the Rev. John Danforth of Dorchester. After the death of her husband the Rev. Samuel Danforth of Roxbury, she married Joseph Rock.

393 It is a pamphlet of forty-eight pages, bound in a blue paper cover, dated “No. I. August, 1833.”

394 The location of Harvard’s grave is not known, but he was probably buried, with other early settlers, in or near what has since been known as the City Square, in which the first meeting-house was built.

395 Cf. Harvard Book, ii. 201–204; Harvard Graduates’ Magazine, xv. 457–458, 531–533.

396 This paper was read in a somewhat different form at the annual meeting of the Society of Mayflower Descendants in the State of California, held at San Francisco, November 22, 1919.

397 Evidently a misprint for “fruitful.” The Latin verse is: Faelix frugiferis sulcis, simul aequore faelix.

398 Perhaps a misprint for trigonas.

399 He was a son of William Crosby (H. C. 1794).

400 In the preparation of this paper, I have derived much assistance from Mr. Lane and Mr. Albert Matthews, the former of whom has supplied several extracts from the Bernard Papers. The papers here cited as the Bernard Papers, filling thirteen volumes, are among the Sparks Manuscripts in the Harvard College Library. Cf. J. Winsor, Calendar of the Sparks Manuscripts in the Harvard College Library (Library of Harvard University, Bibliographical Contributions, No. 22, 1889), pp. 4–6.

401 For Bernard’s genealogy and family history, see J. Nichols, Literary Anecdotes, ii. 235n–237n; Lipscomb, History of Buckinghamshire, i. 519; Mrs. Napier Higgins, The Bernards of Abington and Nether Winchendon, vols. i and ii. The exact date of Bernard’s birth is not known, but he was baptized on July 2, 1712.

402 Antonii Alsopi Aedis Christi olim Alumni Odarum Libri Duo. Londini, MDCCLII. “This little volume,” says Nichols, “was dedicated by Mr. Francis Bernard, the ingenious editor, in an elegant copy of Verses, to Thomas Duke of Newcastle” (Literary Anecdotes, ii. 233–234).

403 A week earlier the Court had granted also twelve townships east of the Penobscot: see p. 204, below.

404 Lincoln Deeds, iv. 80; Bangor Historical Magazine, vi. 20.

405 Royal Commission on the Losses and Services of the American Loyalists, 1783 to 1785 (Roxburghe Club, 1915), p. 264.

406 Burrage, Maine in the Northeastern Boundary Controversy (1919), pp. 10–18.

407 Gov. Shirley in a letter to Secretary Willard, June 24, 1752, recognized the importance of these works with reference to province bounds. See Massachusetts Archives, liv. 204–207; Documentary History of the State of Maine, xii. 180.

408 Burrage, Maine in the Northeastern Boundary Controversy, p. 16.

409 W. H. Kilby, Eastport and Passamaquoddy (1888), p. 45.

410 Documentary History of the State of Maine, xiii. 391.

411 Bernard was a clever draughtsman and, as Hutchinson says (History of Massachusetts, iii. 105 note), “a very ingenious architect.” He was the architect of the present Harvard Hall.

412 A letter from Abraham Somes to Eben Parsons, dated April 20, 1816, the original of which is in the Boston Public Library, refers to these settlers. In that year Somes, who was the first permanent settler on Mount Desert, was called upon to defend his title and this letter was one of several written to his lawyer. The following is copied from the original:

“sometime before the French War was over I received a letter from Sir Francis Barnard inviting me to go to Boston for in it he wanted to see me — Accordingly I went to see him, He asked me if I did not want a farm on the Island of Mount Desert I excepted the proposal he likewise requested me to procure as many Setlers as I could to go with me to setle the Land. I accordingly came down immediately after the War was over and peace ratified between Great Britain and the French & Indians — so that I could be safe in moving into the Wilderness; I came to this place which was in the Autumn of the year 1761 and made a pitch on this Lot I now live and in June the year following I moved my family and setled on the same lot, . . .

“In the year 1763 or 4 the said Sir Francis came in person . . . to this Island and remained here some Considerable time, and I attended on him, and piloted him and assisted him in making discoveries of Natural privile[ges] if any there might be. At that time he gave me this lot with all the priviledges thereunto belonging, and advised me to build mills and clear up my farm, for said he you never shall be interrupted, I accordingly proceeded, and have been in the peaceable possession of the premises for the full term of fifty two years before any difficulty.”

In another letter in the same collection, also dated April 20, 1816, Somes says that he and Ebenezer Sutton of Ipswich visited Southwest Harbor in 1755 when Somes bought Greening’s Island from the Indians for a gallon of “occopy” (rum), while Sutton’s purchase of the island which still bears his name cost him two quarts. The Indian governor from whom the purchases were made drew the deeds on a piece of birch bark, but Somes and Sutton “not understanding neither the description nor the worth of the Islands, never attended to the Subject nor took care of the birch bark and left them to drink their Occopy and to take the good of their bargain.” To Mrs. Fannie Hardy Eckstorm of Brewer, Maine, I am indebted for deciphering this Indian word for rum. She has pointed out that Somes’s occopy is the aoukoubi as given by Rasle (Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, New Series, 1833, i. 437). Cf. J. L. Locke, Sketches of the History of the Town of Camden, Maine, p. 47.

413 Bernard Papers, x. 21–27.

414 Documentary History of the State of Maine, xiii. 391.

415 Documentary History of the State of Maine, xiii. 391–392.

416 See Bernard’s memorial, pp. 212–215, below.

417 Massachusetts Province Laws, xvii. 168.

418 Cf. Bernard Papers, x. 199–200.

419 Bernard Papers, x. 299–301.

420 The postscript of June 11 is not in the Bernard Papers, and is copied from the Massachusetts Archives, xxii. 246.

421 Acts of the Privy Council, Colonial Series, iv. 457–458.

422 1 Massachusetts Historical Collections, vi. 186–189.

423 Massachusetts Historical Collections, lxxiv. 69. Cf. Massachusetts Province Laws, xvii. 168, 169–177.

424 Palfrey, History of New England, v. 232 note, 248 note.

425 Originally written “Dec 31 1762,” but the “3” in “31” has been erased. In their letter of March 11, 1763, the Lords of Trade and Plantations speak of Bernard’s “letter to our Secretary, dated the first of December:” see p. 230, below.

426 Bernard Papers, x. 45–47.

427 Documentary History of the State of Maine, xiii. 296–302.

428 Bernard Papers, x. 91–94.

429 This date is somewhat uncertain: perhaps “1729.” Probably the year 1726 is meant: see Publications of this Society, xx. 128–147.

430 Cf. p. 248 note 3, below.

431 Bernard Papers, x. 83–88.

432 Bernard Papers, x. 83–88.

The House Journal for 1762 has at the end, filling pp. i-xix, “Appendix to the Votes Of the House of Representatives, For the Year 1762. A brief State of the Title of the Province of Massachusetts-Bay to the Country between the Rivers Kennebeck and St. Croix.” On p. xix is the following:

The Committee appointed to prepare a State of the Title of the Province to the Country between the Rivers Kennebeck and St. Croix, have prepared the foregoing, which is submitted in the Name and by Order of the Committee.

January 18, 1763. T. Hutchinson.

The report was read and accepted in Council on January 20, and in the House on February 1, and consented to by Gov. Bernard.

433 For the second letter, see pp. 228–230, below.

434 Documentary History of the State of Maine, xiii. 308–311.

435 Bernard Papers, x. 37.

436 Bernard Papers, x. 38–39.

437 Id. x. 41–42.

438 Bernard Papers, x. 67–73.

439 This copy is in Bernard Papers, x. 89.

440 Bernard Papers, x. 75–81.

441 See p. 210 note 3, above.

442 Bernard Papers, x. 63–65.

443 Bernard Papers, x. 163.

444 Id. x. 175.

445 Id. x. 179–180.

446 Id. x. 189.

447 Acts of the Privy Council, Colonial Series, vi. 359, iv. 614.

448 Acts of the Privy Council, Colonial Series, vi. 369–371.

449 Id. iv. 615.

450 G. E. Street, who prints the document in full (Mount Desert, 1905, pp. 118n-120n), says that the appeal was “dated October, 1764” (p. 118), but the document is undated.

451 In the Bernard Papers are two interesting documents. One (x. 226–228), dated September 8, 1764, is entitled “Proposals for settling a Colony of Germans at a Town in the Island of Mountdesert,” and has been printed in the Bangor Historical Magazine, v. 1–2. The other (x. 207–208) is as follows:

Proposals for a fishery at Mount Desert, October 5, 1764.

The Governor at the desire of some of the Settlers there, has undertaken to provide two small Schooners & two large Whaleboats, with all proper fitting, To be employed in a fishery in the following Manner.

There shall be ten people employed in fishing, that is; two on board each Schooner, & three on board each Whaleboat, & one Shoresman with such assistants as he shall want & procure, who shall live at the flakes.

The Flakes with a house for the Shoresman, & a Storehouse for the fish, shall be built on a point of land which forms the West Side of the Strait which leads out of the South West harbour into the long Sound; all the persons concerned in the fishery shall assist in erecting the Same; The Governor finding doors Windows & Nails & boards & Slate for the roof, & therefore having the property of the building.

All the fish that shall be caught in the said Boats, shall be brought to the flakes, there to be cured & kept in common; or in such Divisions partnerships as the fishermen shall choose to divide themselves: provided, that every boat at least shall be in partnership.

Towards the Close of the year, & at the ending of the fishery, at one or two times as shall be thought most convenient; all the fish so made shall be divided into five parts, & one fifth part, without any deduction or charge soever, except the proportion of Salt, shall be reserved to the Governor for the use of the Boats &c; the other four fifths shall remain to the fishermen in such Divisions & partnerships as they shall have agreed upon.

We whose Names are underwritten do agree to these proposals, & do promise & engage to conform thereto, & to observe the Same, In Witness whereof We have hereunto set our hands.

452 Bernard Papers, x. 216–219.

453 See p. 244 note 7, below.

454 See p. 231, above.

455 Acts of the Privy Council, Colonial Series, iv. 576–579.

456 Massachusetts Archives, lvi. 434–436.

457 cxviii. 379. Some words, as indicated in the footnotes, are written in.

458 The next eleven words are written in.

459 This entire sentence is written in.

460 A copy of this printed broadside is in the Massachusetts Archives, cxviii. 378. It is entitled “A State of the Earl of Stirling’s Title, to that Part of New-England, now commonly called Sagadahook.”

461 Massachusetts Archives, cxviii. 377.

462 Council Records, xvi. 347.

463 Only two examples of this verb, dated 1696 and 1726, are given in the Oxford English Dictionary.

464 Massachusetts Archives, cxviii. 380–381; cf. Council Records, xvi. 349.

465 Massachusetts Archives, cxviii. 382–383.

466 Hutchinson, History of Massachusetts, iii. 225–226.

467 The title became extinct by the death of the sixth Baronet, Sir Thomas Tyringham Bernard, May 8, 1883.

468 A copy of this petition is in Bernard’s Select Letters, London, 1774, p. 89.

469 Hutchinson, History of Massachusetts, iii. 246 note. See the Letters of Dennys De Berdt, Publications of this Society, xiii. 293–461.

470 Acts of the Privy Council, Colonial Series, v. 220.

471 Id. iii. 282–283.

472 Id. vi. 484.

473 Id. vi. 504.

474 In a letter to me Professor Charles M. Andrews, after pointing out that Bernard’s petition to accept his grant of Mt. Desert was on July 17, 1764, sent back by the Board of Trade to the Privy Council with the request that the Council should “consider whether the Province of Massachusetts Bay have, or have not a Right to make Grants of Land within the territory of Sagadahock” (see p. 233, above), goes on to say: “Evidently this return of the report to the Board involved considerable investigation and probably a sending of the question, which was a legal one, to the standing counsel of the Board, at that time Sir Matthew Lamb. We know that Lamb was dilatory in getting his opinions back to the Board, and I presume that if we could get at the Board of Trade papers we should find that the delay was due to Lamb’s procrastination. Lamb died in 1768 and I know that he left a large number of colonial laws unreported, and it is more than likely that this matter of the jurisdiction of Massachusetts was among the matters that had not been examined. At any rate Bernard petitioned again towards the end of 1769, and his petition was received by the Privy Council and on December 13 was sent down to the Board of Trade. Just what the Board did with it I cannot say, as Lamb was dead and his successor, Richard Jackson, was not appointed until the middle of the year 1770 (the interim was November 26, 1768, to May 1, 1770). It may be that Lamb’s report had come in or that the Board acted without legal advice, though the latter would be most unusual, or that they waited till Jackson came in. However, on May 4, 1770—the date looks as if Jackson had got down to business at once, and he was a very learned man—the Board sent in its second report on the petition, proposing that ‘the grant be ratified, without prejudice to the rights of the Crown in and over the Territory of Sagadahoc,’ a position corresponding to that taken by the Board in 1732 in the case of the petition of Samuel Waldo for land between the Kennebec and the St. Croix Rivers. It may be that all the Board did was to instruct its secretary or clerk of the reports to look up its own records, in order to find out what precedent had been established.”

475 Commissions, Proclamations, Pardons, etc., 1767–1775, pp. 207–209 (Massachusetts Archives). Cf. Acts of the Privy Council, Colonial Series, v. 220.

476 Palfrey, History of New England, v. 408 note.

477 Massachusetts Province Laws, v. 966–967.

478 An interesting account of his last moments will be found in Hutchinson’s Diary and Letters, ii. 318–319.

479 Street, Mount Desert, p. 127.

480 Id. pp. 128–130.

481 Advertisements relating to the sale of the portion owned by the de Gregoires, inserted by them and by others, will be found in the following issues of the Massachusetts Centinel for 1790: May 19, p. 3/1; May 22, p. 2/1; June 2, p. 3/3; June 2, supplement, p. 4/3; June 5, p. 3/2; June 12, p. 4/3; June 19, p. 3/3; July 28, p. 3/4; August 4, p. 4/4; August 11, p. 4/2; August 18, p. 4/4; August 25, p. 4/2; September 1, p. 3/3. The sale was to be at auction on September 2. Mr. Percival Merritt kindly called my attention to these references.

482 3 Collections Maine Historical Society, i. 150.

483 Acts of the Privy Council, Colonial Series, vi. 484.

484 Cf. 1 Collections Maine Historical Society, vii. 199–206; 3 Collections Maine Historical Society, i. 147–157; Sprague’s Journal of Maine History, ii. 219.

485 Vergennes.

486 The inscription is printed in full in 1 Collections Maine Historical Society, vi. 337–338.

487 Works, iii. 304.

488 In J. L. Sibley, History of the Town of Union, Maine (1851), p. 23 note.

489 This account is based on data furnished by Mr. Matthews. For further details, see his paper on “The Portraits of Sir Francis Bernard,” published by the Club of Odd Volumes (1922).

490 The words “by Copley” are interlined in pencil. For the extracts from the Club records I am indebted to Mr. Merritt.

Under date of November 21, 1888, there is mention in the records of “an engraving to be made by Wilcox after the portrait in England, a photograph of which, loaned by a former member Dr. C. E. Banks, is now in the hands of the Engraver being engraved;” and it was voted that the plate “be cancelled, and hung on the walls of the club room.” On February 20, 1889, proofs of the portrait were shown to the members; and on April 24, 1889, it was announced that the plate had been cancelled.

491 With the permission of the Club of Odd Volumes.

492 Mrs. Higgins, The Bernards, ii. 235.

493 Massachusetts Historical Collections, lxxi. 223.

494 i. 51.

495 ii. 206. It was perhaps through Dr. Banks that Mr. Daniels learned of the painting at Christ Church. In January, 1888, the Rev. Henry W. Foote spoke of the Daniels print before the Massachusetts Historical Society, and in February presented a copy of the print to the Society. (2 Proceedings, iv. 61, 66.)

496 v. 31.

497 As the Daniels print was purely a commercial venture, Mr. Daniels naturally wished to have its authenticity placed beyond the possibility of a doubt. Hence he had the letter facsimiled, and presumably sent a copy of the facsimile with each copy of the print sold. The letter in the text is printed from such a facsimile found by Dr. Banks in a New York print shop in February, 1921.

498 Boston Gazette, August 7, 1769, p. 2/2.

499 Thomas Hubbard.

500 College Book, vii. 145. Cf. Donation Book, i. 81; J. Quincy, History of Harvard University, ii. 485.

501 Boston Evening Post, December 19, 1768, p. 1/1.

502 College Book, vii. 184. At a meeting of the Overseers on November 25, 1768, “A Vote of the Corporation at their Meeting this day Viz That the Picture of Governor Bernard with the other pictures in the Hall be placed in the Philosophy room . . . read and consented to” (Overseers’ Records, iii. 13).

503 Boston Evening Post, May 8, 1769, p. 1/3.

504 Cf. New Hampshire State Papers, xxvi, 20–22, 627–628.

505 Lucy C. Kellogg (History of the Town of Bernardston, 1902) says:

“The fact that the place was named for a Tory Governor has, at times, aroused the ire of some of her citizens, but some measure of consolation may be gleaned from the truism that the man could hardly have been held alone responsible for the age in which he lived, nor yet for having been born a British subject. May not the circumstance of his being considered by his king worthy to assume such a position, serve in some degree to mitigate this feeling?” (p. 2).

A search among the printed accounts of Bernardsville, New Jersey, has failed to reveal any criticism of the naming of the town.

506 A Most Excellent Instruction for the Exact and perfect keeping Merchant Bookes of Accovnts, by way of Debitor and Creditor, after the Italian manner: . . . By I. C. Gent . . . . London: . . . 1632. It is a folio, containing pp. i–viii, 1–152. The author was I. Carpenter.

507 Paddy’s will is printed in the New England Historical and Genealogical Register, viii. 355.

508 This paper will be printed later in our Transactions.

509 “As soon as the Grenadiers & Light Infantry perceived the 1^st Brigade drawn up for their support, they shouted repeatedly, and the firing ceased for a short time” (Diary of Lieut. Frederick Mackenzie, in 2 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, v. 392).

510 The erroneous idea that the Brigade received Smith’s fugitives within a hollow square at Lexington apparently originated with Stedman the British historian in 1794 (History of the American War, i. 119). Percy states in his report to Gage that he “drew up the Brigade on a height” (Letters, 1902, p. 50). Lieut. Mackenzie gives us the authoritative account of the disposition of the troops at Lexington and makes it clear that they stood in line of battle throughout the halt. He states that the Grenadiers and Light Infantry “retired and formed behind the brigade” (2 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, v. 392).

511 This blunder is thus described in a letter dated Boston, July 5, 1775:

“The general ordered the first brigade under arms at four in the morning; these orders the evening before were carried to the brigade major’s; he was not at home; the orders were left; no enquiry was made after him; he came home late; his servant forgot to tell him there was a letter on his table; four o’clock came; no brigade appeared; at five o’clock an express from Smith desiring a reinforcement produced an enquiry; the above discovery was made; at six o’clock part of the brigade got on the parade; there they waited expecting the marines; at seven no marines appearing, another enquiry commenced; they said they had received no orders; it was asserted they had; in the altercation it came out that the order had been addressed to Major Pitcairn who commanded the marines and left at his quarters, though the gentleman concerned ought to have recollected that Pitcairn had been dispatched the evening before with the grenadiers and light infantry under Lieut. Col. Smith. This double mistake lost us from four till nine o’clock, the time we marched off to support Col. Smith” (Detail and Conduct of the American War, 3rd ed., London, 1780, p. 10). This letter is found in an earlier but undated edition of the same pamphlet, entitled A View of the Evidence relative to the Conduct of the American War, etc., London, p. 72.

512 This refers to the atrocity perpetrated upon a wounded British soldier at the North Bridge in Concord. Gage in his “Circumstantial Account” addressed to Governor Trumbull of Connecticut says: “When captain Parsons returned with the three companies over the bridge, they observed three soldiers on the ground, one of them scalped, (his head much mangled, and his ears cut off,) though not quite dead; a sight, which struck the soldiers with horrour” (2 Massachusetts Historical Collections, ii. 226).

The Rev. William Gordon, who had the facts from the Rev. William Emerson of Concord, wrote in his letter of May 17, 1775: “A young fellow coming over the bridge in order to join the country people, and seeing the soldier wounded and attempting to get up, not being under the feelings of humanity, very barbarously broke his skull, and let out his brains with a small axe, (apprehend of the tomahawk kind,) but as to his being scalped and having his ears cut off, there was nothing in it. The poor object lived an hour or two before he expired” (Force, 4 American Archives, ii. 630).

This event made a profound impression upon the soldiers, nearly one hundred of whom saw the victim, and gave rise to the conviction that the Americans scalped the wounded. In an intercepted letter written by a private soldier we find this comment: “These people . . . are full as bad as the Indians for scalping and cutting the dead men’s ears and noses off, and those they get alive, that are wounded, and cannot get off the ground” (Force, 4 American Archives, ii. 440).

513 New England Historical and Genealogical Register, xxxi. 382.

514 “Let the mark of British tyranny made in this house of God, remain till time itself shall consume the fabrick, and it moulders into dust” (Faith in Divine Providence, the great support of God’s People in perilous times. A Sermon, etc., 1780, p. 26).

515 “They appeared most numerous in the road near the Church, and in a wood in the front and on the left flank of the line where our Regiment was posted. A few Cannon shot were fired at those on & near the road, which dispersed them” (Mackenzie, 2 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, v. 392).

516 History of the American War (1794), i. 118.

517 2 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, v. 392.

518 Id. p. 393.

519 May 31, 1775 (Writings, ed. Ford, ii. 475).

520 Percy’s report to Gage says “We arrived at Charlestown, between 7 & 8 in the even, very much fatigued with a march of above 30 miles, & having exhausted almost all our ammunition” (Letters, p. 50). Evidently Percy had ammunition enough but none to spare. He avoided real peril by following the short route home.

521 As a result of research among the muster rolls in the Massachusetts Archives, Mr. Frank W. Coburn of the Lexington Historical Society estimates the number of provincial reinforcements entering the fight at Arlington as 1779 (The Battle of April 19, 1775, in Lexington, Concord, etc., 1912, p. 135). He gives the total number of Americans engaged during the day as 3760. Percy after joining with Smith had a force of 1500 men, but it is not certain that Smith’s men should be rated as effectives on the retreat to Charlestown. Their ammunition was exhausted when they reached Lexington, and as the Brigade went out with only thirty-six rounds there could hardly have been any redistribution of powder and ball during the halt. Percy states in his report to Gage that he sent off the Grenadiers and Light Infantry in the van and “covered them” with his Brigade, – a hint that these troops may have been more of a hindrance than a help on the retreat. Probably the looting was in large measure due to them.

522 De Berniere (General Gage’s Instructions, 1779, p. 20; 2 Massachusetts Historical Collections, iv. 218–219) gives the casual ties among the officers as 2 killed and 13 wounded. Of these 4 occurred at the North Bridge, 1 near Concord, 8 near Lexington, and 2 in Menotomy. Probably Lieut. -Col. Bernard wounded and Lieut. Knight killed in the last named place were the only officers to fall after Percy began his march.

523 De Berniere (General Gage’s Instructions, 1779, p. 20; 2 Massachusetts Historical Collections, iv. 218–219) gives the casual ties among the officers as 2 killed and 13 wounded. Of these 4 occurred at the North Bridge, 1 near Concord, 8 near Lexington, and 2 in Menotomy. Probably Lieut. -Col. Bernard wounded and Lieut. Knight killed in the last named place were the only officers to fall after Percy began his march.

524 2 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, v. 394.

525 Diary of a British Officer in Boston, in Atlantic Monthly (1877), xxxix. 400. The authorship of this diary is somewhat in doubt. In the Atlantic Monthly (xxxix. 389) the author is said to have been either Lieut. Peregrine Francis Thorne or Lieut. David Hamilton; but the late Rev. E. G. Porter showed in our Publications (v. 49–55) that the author was doubtless John Barker.

526 2 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, v. 393.

527 Jacob Rogers’s petition, in Frothingham, History of the Siege of Boston, p. 372.

528 June 9, 1775, in Percy’s Letters, p. 54 note.

529 “They kept up a constant fire upon us for upwards of 15 miles, yet only killed of us about 40 men” (Percy to Henry Reveley, May, 1775, in Letters, p. 55). Gage’s first report (London Chronicle, June 13, 1775, xxxvii. 554) gave the British loss for the whole day as 65 killed, 180 wounded, 27 missing, a total of 272. This was subsequently amended (General Gage’s Instructions, Boston, 1779, p. 20; 2 Massachusetts Historical Collections, iv. 218-219) to read 73 killed, 174 wounded, 26 missing, a total of 273. Percy’s killed during the retreat aggregated a little more than half of the fatal casualties for the day.

530 Cf. our Publications, vii. 27–30.

531 The Rev. Dr. David McClure, writing April 19, 1775, seems in a measure to support this theory: “A waggon loaded with provisions was sent from Boston, for the refreshment of the retreating army, under an escort of 6 Granidiers, They got as far as this place, [Menotomy], when a number of men, 10 or 12, collected, and ordered them to surrender. They marched on, & our men fired, killed the driver & the horses, when the rest fled a little way, & surrendered. Another waggon sent on the same business, was also taken that day. It was strange that General Gage should send them through a country, in which he had just kindled the flames of war, in so defenceless a condition” (Diary, ed. F. B. Dexter, 1899, p. 161; cf. 1 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, xvi. 158).

532 Essex Gazette, April 25, 1775, p. 3/2-3. Also printed in the Massachusetts Spy of May 3, 1775, p. 3/2; and reprinted in Almon’s Remembrancer, 1775, i. 33; Force, 4 American Archives, ii. 439, etc.

533 Government corrupted by Vice, and recovered by Righteousness. A Sermon, etc. (Watertown, 1775), p. 8.

534 Narrative, pp. 7–8, appended to his “Fate of Blood-thirsty Oppressors, and God’s tender Care of his distressed People. A Sermon,” etc., Boston, 1776.

535 1 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, xvii. 322.

536 April 20, 1775, in Letters, p. 53. The italics in the extracts which immediately follow are mine.

537 “General Gage’s Instructions, Of 22d February 1775, . . . With a curious Narrative. . . . Also an Account,” etc., Boston, 1779, p. 19. Cf. 2 Massachusetts Historical Collect ions, iv, 218.

538 April 23, 1775, in Memoir and Letters (ed. G. D. Scull, Oxford, 1879), p. 54.

539 2 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, v. 393, 394.

540 April 19, 1775, in Atlantic Monthly, xxxix, 400.

541 April 23, 1775, in Atlantic Monthly, xxxix. 544. Confirmation of the character of the fighting is found in intercepted letters of British private soldiers printed in Force. One man writes, April 28: “They did not fight, us like a regular army, only like savages, behind trees and stone walls, and out of the woods and houses, where in the latter we killed numbers of them” (4 American Archives, ii. 440). Another writes, April 28: “When we found they fired from the houses, we set them on fire, and they ran to the woods like devils” (id. p. 440). A soldier of the Royal Welsh Fusileers in addressing his “Dear Parents” April 30, records the following: “As we came along they got before us and fired at us out of the houses, and killed and wounded a great number of us, but we levelled their houses as we came along” (id. p. 440).

542 2 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, xi. 306.

543 American Annals (1805), ii. 327; (1829) ii. 206.

544 Military Journal during the American Revolution (1823), p. 19.

545 History (1788), i. 482.

546 “We do not censure him [Percy] for any warlike attacks upon our troops, or for firing upon any dwelling within which our soldiers had taken refuge, or from which they assailed the king’s troops. So far he would be justified by the laws of war” (1 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, xvii, 322).

547 Cf. p. 270 note 1, above.

548 Gage’s defence penned to Governor Trumbull May 3rd, 1775, is as follows: “The troops disclaim with indignation the barbarous outrages of which they are accused, so contrary to their known humanity. I have taken the greatest pains to discover if any were committed, and have found examples of their tenderness, both to the young and the old but no vestige of cruelty or barbarity. It is very possible that in firing into houses, from whence they were fired upon, that old people, women, or children may have suffered, but if any such thing has happened, it was in their defence and undesigned.” (Trumbull Papers, ii. 298–299.)

549 The provincial losses are given by Phinney (History of the Battle of Lexington, 1825, pp. 27–30) as 49 killed, 36 wounded, 5 missing, a total of 90.

550 In Elias Phinney, History of the Battle of Lexington (1825), pp. 34–35.

551 (1868), p. 202; (1913), i. 175.

552 History of Middlesex County (1880), ii. 26.

553 Placing Pitcairn in command of the troops near Munroe’s Tavern is a mere conjecture, as his name is not mentioned by any of our witnesses after Percy took command. Possibly Bernard was in command at this point and Pitcairn may have been assigned to the Marine battalion that came out with the Brigade. Whoever commanded the Marines seems to have borne the brunt of the afternoon’s fighting. If we estimate the strength of the battalion at four or five companies, or not more than 175 men, we cannot be far from the truth. Two other companies may have gone out with Smith. The official report giving the total regimental losses in killed and wounded indicates that 27 per cent of the casualties were suffered by the Marines. If we confine ourselves to the killed, the Marine percentage was 37. This is an extraordinary showing when compared with the 14 per cent of the King’s Own Regiment, a larger unit and the next heaviest sufferer. These figures suggest that nearly 50 per cent of Percy’s casualties on the retreat occurred in the Marines.

554 In 1880: see p. 280, note 3. But in 1868 Hudson had merely called him “infirm” (History of Lexington, p. 202; Genealogical Register, p. 189).

555 (1913), ii, 552. Cf. Lexington Vital Records, p. 62.

556 In the roll of Parker’s company given in the first (1868) edition of Hudson’s History is found the name of John Raymond (p. 383).

557 P.9 note.

558 Paige, History. of Cambridge, p. 413.

559 Id. p. 413 note.

560 2 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, v. 394.

561 Sermon, pp. 8–9 notes.

562 Cf. p. 272, above.

563 May 16, 1775, in Journals of the Massachusetts Provincial Congress (1838), p. 677.

564 Samuel Cooke (1708-1783; H. C. 1735) was long the minister of the second precinct, Cambridge (now Arlington).

565 In 1864 the Rev. Samuel A. Smith gave us this account of Deacon Adams’s activities. He “knew that his life would be in danger, both on account of his name, and also for his reputation for patriotic zeal, but thinking that they would not harm women and children, as the troops came in sight left his house, . . . and fled across the fields. He was hotly pursued, and, as he was running under cover of the stone walls, he heard the bullets whistle over his head. He kept on, however, and had just time to cover himself over in the hay-loft in Rev. Mr. Cooke’s barn, . . . when his pursuers came up and began to search for him, sticking their bayonets here and there into the hay. They did not dare to remain long, and he escaped” (West Cambridge on the Nineteenth of April, 1775, p. 34).

Deacon Adams was a prominent man in the community, was precinct treasurer for nineteen years and selectman of Cambridge for four years.

566 Born April 1, 1775. Her name is given as Ann by Paige (History of Cambridge, p. 478), as Ann or Anne by Cutter (History of Arlington, pp. 185, 260), but as Anna in Cambridge Vital Records, ii. 10. She married James Hill (1773–1852) on October 11, 1796. In 1831 Hannah Hill, daughter of James and Ann (Adams) Hill, married Thomas Hall.

567 This is the story as repeated in 1854 by Mrs. Hill, then in her eightieth year, to Samuel Griffin Damon: see Christian Register, October 28, 1854, xxxix. 169.

568 S. A. Smith, West Cambridge on the Nineteenth of April, 1775, p. 37.

569 Sermon, p. 8 note.

570 See p. 272, above.

571 May 19, 1775, in Journals of the Massachusetts Provincial Congress, p. 678.

572 Jason Winship was baptized in Cambridge June 28, 1730 (Paige, History of Cambridge, p. 697). Jabez Wyman was baptized in Woburn December 26, 1736 (Bond, Genealogies and History of Watertown, ii. 976). (The statement in Paige’s History of Cambridge, p. 412, that Wyman was born July 24, 1710, is clearly an error.) Wyman married Lydia Winship (sister of Jason) in Cambridge January 13, 1767 (Cambridge Vital Records, ii. 437). On March 23, 1773, Jabez Wyman of Cambridge, “laborer,” and wife Lydia, deeded land in Arlington to Ammi Cutter. The Rev. John Marrett states (in S. Dunster, Henry Dunster and his Descendants, 1876, p. 88) that Wyman at one time worked for the Rev. Mr. Cooke.

573 In S. Dunster, Henry Dunster and his Descendants, pp. 88, 89. The letter was written by Marrett to his uncle the Rev. Isaiah Dunster.

574 For further information concerning Samuel Whittemore, see S. A. Smith, West Cambridge on the Nineteenth of April, 1775, pp. 42–44; Cutter, History of Arlington, pp. 75–77, 317; Paige, History of Cambridge, pp. 414–415, 688; Columbian Centinel, February 6, 1793, p. 3/2.

575 See p. 272, above.

576 From the inscription on the old stone in the precinct burying ground, said to have been written by the Rev. Mr. Cooke.

577 S. A. Smith, West Cambridge on the Nineteenth of April, 1775, pp. 37, 37–38.

578 Cutter, History of Arlington, p, 69.

579 Id. p. 69.

580 April 20, 1775, in Letters, p. 52.

581 Remembrancer, 1775, i. 80.

582 Force, 4 American Archives, ii. 441.

583 April 20, 1775, in Letters, pp. 52, 53.

584 On July 2, 1775, Lieut. Carter wrote: “Never had the British army so ungenerous an enemy to oppose; they send their Rifle men, (five or six at a time) who conceal themselves behind trees, &c. till an opportunity presents itself of taking a shot at our advanced centries, which done they immediately retreat. What an infamous method of carrying on a war!” (Genuine Detail, etc., 1784, p. 7).

585 S. R. Lushington, Life and Services of General Lord Harris (1845), p. 40.

586 Pp. 217–226.

587 Id. p. 225.

588 Id. p, 223.

589 Magnalia (1702), bk. iv. pt. i. § 5, p. 130. As is of course well known, much of the Magnalia had already appeared in print before the publication of the volume in London in 1702. The portions not previously printed must have been written before June 8, 1700, when Mather wrote: “I this Day putt up my Church-History, and pen down Directions about the publishing of it. . . . A Gentleman, just now sailing for England, undertakes the care of it; and by his Hand I send it for London” (Diary, i. 353).

590 Bk. iii. pt. ii. ch. xxiii. § 12, p, 141.

591 Bk. iv. pt. ii. ch. v. § 11, p. 188.

592 The writer should have said “the day after Commencement.”

593 P.250. That this account is drawn from the Magnalia is sufficiently obvious, but is made certain by the statement on the same page: “Whilst Mr. Winthrop was travelling in the low countries, he endeavoured to persuade Johannes Amos Commenius to become President; ‘but the influence of the Swedish embassador,’ (says Mather, from whose Magnalia this account is principally taken,) ‘proving too strong, this incomparable Moravian became not an American.’” This gives us a reference to the alleged offer of the presidency to Comenius before the one dated 1860, which was cited by me (our Publications, xxi, 147) as the earliest after the publication of the Magnalia.

594 Harvard Register (1827), p. 302.

595 The first newspaper was the Courier de Boston, April 23 to October 15, 1789. It was printed entirely in French, and was published weekly for Joseph Nancrede, instructor in French at Harvard College from 1787 to 1800. I acknowledge my indebtedness to the Bibliography of American Newspapers, 1690–1820, by our associate Mr. Clarence S. Brigham (proceedings American Antiquarian Society, xxv. 208, 209).

596 Columbian Centinel, November 21, 1792, p. 3/1–2.

597 December 12, 1792, pp. 1/ 4–2/1, 2/4. The Argus of December 11, 1792 (p. 3/1), contained a satirical article under the heading of “The French Revolution Defeated.” It read in part: “TWENTY-FOUR FRENCHMEN, in and near the town of Boston, have entered a PROTEST, in the office of a Notary Public in Boston, against the French Revolution . . . . But, as these PROTESTORS have a Gazette of their own, under the PRIEST, which will be out within a day or two, we will refer the readers to that for the wonderful effects of this new experiment in ‘Val’, and Politicks.”

598 Identified by Mr. Ford as probably a M. d’Hauteval.

599 Writings (ed. Ford), i. 125.

600 Columbian Centinel, December 26, 1792, p, 3/2; January 9, 1793, pp. 1/2, 2/1; Argus, January 8, 1793, p. 3/3.

601 January 19, 1793, p. 3/3.

602 December 10, 17, 24, 31, 1792; January 7, 14, 1793. On December 12, 1792, the Rev. William Bentley made this entry in his Diary: “The Courier de l’Univers, a second french & english paper appeared in Boston this week. Its duration may not exceed the other, which had but small encouragement” (i. 415).

603 Proceedings American Antiquarian Society, xxv. 209.

604 Mr. Brigham kindly sends me the following letter from the Isaiah Thomas Papers in the American Antiquarian Society:

Boston, November 18, 1792

SIR,

Inclosed are proposals for a new weekly french paper, of which I am to be editor. It will probably be published in a few weeks; and upon the receipt of mine, I request you to forward me one of yours in exchange. In a few days you will see the same proposals printed in English in the newspapers from Boston, which, I hope, will give you more ease to find me so many subscribers as you could in your town. Three dollars are to be paid by subscribing, and the names of the subscribers taken upon a private [torn]. My design is to allow you five per cent upon every [subscri]ption you will receive. I desire you consequently to do for my paper what I would be very happy to do for yours. As soon as you will have found some subscriptions, let me know the quantity and the names of the subscribers, if you are willing to oblige him who is very sincerely,

Sir,

Your most humble and obedient servant,

L. de Rousselet, P.C.

My direction is the Rd Mr. L. de Rousselet, at Mr. Joseph Bumstead’s printing-office, Union-Street, Boston.

Isaiah Thomas, Esq.

While the meaning of the letters “P.C.” following de Rousselet’s signature is not absolutely certain, they probably stand for the words “Prêtre Catholique.”

605 Our Publications, xii. 220, 227–231.

606 See pp. 156–159, above.

607 Our Publications, xvii, 275, 284.

608 A sketch of Brown will be found in the Dictionary of National Biography. The book was originally published in 1757 and went through several editions.

609 Mr. Woodbury has given the volume to the Harvard College Library.

610 Memoirs of the Life of the late Reverend Increase Mather, . . . With a Preface by the: Reverend Edmund Calamy, D.D., London, 1725, pp. 35-36. cr. C. Mather, Parentator, Boston, 1724, pp. 93-96. The forged letter itself is printed in full in the Mather Papers (4 Massachusetts Historical Collections, viii. 104-107) and in the New England Historical and General Register, xxxix. 23-25. An abstract appears in the Calendar of State Papers, America & W. Indies, 1685-1688, no. 1915, pp. 613-615. I am indebted to the kindness of Mr. Albert Matthews for several of these and later references.

611 See the Mather Papers, pp. 407–11; Palfrey, History of New England, iii 556–558; and allusions in Robert N. Toppan’s Edward Randolph (Prince Society).

612 Observator, no. 176, Monday, December 1, 1684.

613 In his Mercurius Aquaticus, 1643.

614 Intelligencer, no. 1, August 31, 1663.

615 E.g., see the Intelligencer, no. 23, March 21, 1663–4, p, 192. -

616 Mercurius Britanicus, no. 49, August 26-September 2, 1644, p. 387.

617 Weekly Pacquet, no. 34, April 16, 1683, p. 271.

618 Nathan Dane Papers (Massachusetts Historical Society).

619 George Cabot (1751–1823), United States Senator, President of the Hartford Convention, etc.

620 Joseph Lee (1744-1831), born in Salem.

621 Moses Brown (1748-1820), born at Waltham; H. C. 1768; raised and commanded a company which left Beverly August 9, 1777; present at the battles of Long Island, Trenton, and Harlem Heights.

622 Israel Thorndike (1755–1825), son of Andrew and Anna (Morgan) Thorndike.

623 Josiah Batchelder, Jr. (1737–1828), representative to the General Court; member of Congress; innholder; surveyor of the port of Beverly.

624 William Bartlett (1745-1809), fourth in descent from William Bartlett of Frampton, Dorset, England.

625 William Homans (1749–1837), born at Marblehead, died in Beverly.

626 Thomas Davis, born September 25, 1755, son of Thomas and Abigail (Stephens) Davis of Salem.

627 William Leach (1758–1838).

628 Livermore Whittredge, born February 24, 1740; descended from William Whittredge, who came over in 1635 and settled in Ipswich.

629 Thomas Woodberry, born May 10, 1743, son of Thomas and Lucy (Herrick) Woodberry.

630 For the newspapers of Salem, see Proceedings American Antiquarian Society, xxv, 463-476.

631 John Manly died February 12, 1793: cr. Publications of this Society, v. 274 note.

632 Captain’s pay per month, £ 4; 1st lieutenant, £ 3; 2nd lieutenant, £ 2.10.0; surgeon, £ 2.10.0; master, £ 2.0.0; boatswain, £ 1.10.0; steward, £ 1.10.0.

633 In some cases there seems to have been actual distribution of the cargo instead of a sale at auction and division of the proceeds. The following deposition is from the Nathan Dane Papers:

“I James Fuller Lakeman of Lawful age do Testify, in the Summer of the year One thousand, Seven hundred and eighty I went a Voyage from Gloucester to Bilbao in a Ship called the Gloucester Packet, William Coy, commander. I acted as Mariner on board and in the passage from Bilbao we took a Prize. She was a British brig of more than a hundred Tons, Loaded with salt and I was put on board of her with the Prize Master and four Men to Bring her and we arrived safe at Gloucester in the month of July Where the said Cargo was Divided and I Received thirty Bushels of it for my share. I exchanged my Share of said Salt at two Bushels of corn for one bushel of Salt and Corn was then one dollar a Bushel, hard money.”

634 Massachusetts Archives, clxxx, 974.

635 The following advertisement appeared in a Boston paper of May 17 1776: “To be sold by William Bartlett, Agent for the United Provinces, at public auction, the seventh day of May to be held in Beverly and to be continued from day to day until the whole is sold, the following vessels and cargo, Ship Concord, 150 tons, Jinny, 350 tons, Polly, 80 tons, Brigantines, Nancy 250 tons Hannah 250 tons; Sloops, Sally, 60 tons, Betty, 60 tons.” These vessels were condemned at a court held at Ipswich by Judge Pickering March 18, 1776.

636 Journals of the Provincial Congress (1838), pp. 412–413.

637 Henry Herrick, son of Henry and Joanna (Woodberry) Herrick, was born October 25, 1716, and died December 16, 1780.

638 Joseph Wood, son of Joseph and Ruth (Haskell) Wood, was town clerk of Beverly for thirty-seven years, selectman, assessor, representative, and member of the Committee of Public Safety and Correspondence. He died January 21, 1808.

639 In the New York Gazette of April 22, 1780, is an advertisement offering 12 and 13 pound carronades, imported direct from the Carron foundry, for use in privateers. “They can be discharged,” says the advertisement, “every three minutes, which doubles the strength against an enemy of equal force. The carronade weighs one third as much as a long gun of the same calibre and the powder charge is only one twelfth the weight of the ball.” The long gun could be discharged once in six minutes.

640 Eleazar Giles was born in Danvers, but removed to Beverly; commanded several privateers during the war and lost his leg in action on board the Saratoga; died in Liverpool, England.

As a rule the names of only the commanders or captains of vessels are mentioned in the text. For the names of other officers, see section viii, pp. 405–424, below.

641 George Child, an Englishman, on the St. Lucie, from Jamaica for Bristol, had a private adventure on board which Capt. Giles generously restored to him.

642 The Rover, Capt. Adam Wellman of Beverly, was captured in 1780.

643 The Beverly Historical Society owns a printed handbill reading: “Now fitting for a Privateer, In the harbor of Beverly, the Brigantine Washington. A strong, good vessel for that purpose and a prime sailer. Any Seaman or Landsman that has an inclination to make their Fortunes in a few months may have an opportunity by applying to John Dyson. Beverly, Sept. 7, 1776.”

644 John Dyson (1742–1828) was born in England.

645 Massachusetts Archives, ccxv. 442.

646 Robert Haskell, son of William and Mary (Lovett) Haskell, was born April 2, 1736, and died June 17, 1789.

647 The privateer schooner Hawk of Marblehead. On her arrival at Bilbao she was complained of as an illegal privateer. The prime minister of Spain, the Marquis of Grimaldi, decided that the Hawk was within her rights and ordered that American vessels, privateer or merchant, should be treated like any neutrals.

648 Benjamin Lovett (1756–1804), Bon of Benjamin and Hannah (Kilham) Lovett.

649 From December 25, 1777, to April 29, 1780, she bore the following names: Cent Pied, Santape, Cent. Pede, Cent. Pea, Cent. a Pede, Santipe, Sentipe, Cent. Peid, Centipede, Centi Pea, Saint te Pie, Centipie.

650 Lark in Thorndike (1730–1786) was captain of the minute-men who marched to Concord in 1775.

651 The Pilgrim was owned by John and Andrew Cabot, Joseph Lee, George Cabot, Moses Brown, Samuel Cabot, Francis Cabot, Jonathan Jackson, Joshua Wood, and Stephen Cleveland. Andrew Cabot owned a little less than one-half in 1780. Salem gentlemen owned 16/96ths. (Nathan Dane Papers.)

652 A portrait of Hugh Hill faces p. 320, above.

653 The Boston Gazette of June 24, 1782, stated that the previous Monday, the prize brig Neptune had been taken by “the Privateer Ship Pilgrim, Capt. Robinson, of Beverly!” (Publications of this Society, xvii. 365 note).

654 The Penobscot expedition.

655 Wages on vessels in 1779 are quoted at £ 15 to £ 20 per month for ordinary seamen. While not so stated, this probably means letter of marque vessels.

656 The Defence was a vessel built by Mr. Cabot to take the place of the brigantine Defence lost in the Penobscot expedition.

657 Diary of Moses Brown.

658 The Island of St. Eustatius was the great neutral port of the West Indies. When taken by Lord Rodney it was crowded with French, English, and American vessels and the booty was immense. It was captured before the governor had received news of war between England and Holland and he made no resistance, though 600 American seamen, crews of privateers and letters of marque in port, offered their services in defence of the city.

659 James Lovett (1749–1789), son of Benjamin and Eleonora (Cleaves) Lovett.

660 Herbert Woodberry (1745–1809), son of Jacob and Abigail (Thorndike) Woodberry.

661 Complaints against John Leach, commander of the schooner Dolphin, that he took 30 pounds of rice and 45 quarts of brandy from some Nova Scotians. (Massachusetts Archives, ccxxvii. 210.) On January 20, 1780, the General Court passed this resolve:

“Whereas it appears to the court that several small privateers have committed many robberies above high water mark on the inhabitants of Nova Scotia. Therefore resolved that this court do highly disapprove the conduct of any persons belonging to and commissioned from the State in the business of privateering and also resolved that when any commission shall be given out in future to small armed vessels they give good and sufficient bonds for the purpose of preventing such evils again taking place.”

It is perhaps not strange that ignorant men did not appreciate the difference between robberies above and below high water mark.

662 Schooner Hero, 26 tons, 9 guns (short guns) and 20 men. May 27, 1782, George W. Babcock, commander. This is the only case noted by me where short guns (carronades) were used on a privateer.

663 “A number of Frenchmen at Nantes have united to build six brigantines carrying from ten to eighteen guns, three of which are ready for sailing, the best calculated vessels for the American purpose I ever saw. I am confident they will sail fast and they are as sharp as a wedge. They will clear for the French West Indies.” (Auckland Manuscripts.)

664 E. D. Poole’s Annals of Yarmouth and Barrington (Nova Scotia) in the Revolutionary War (1899) contains a very interesting account of these Nova Scotians during the war.

665 There was also a brig Rambler captured by the English frigate Harriet Selvyl in 1779.

666 The Snapper, Capt. Taylor, was a famous letter of marque from Liverpool, and had taken many American vessels.

667 Mr. Cabot had at one time a ship, a schooner, and a sloop all named Sally.

668 Cf. Publications of this Society, x, 116–134, xx. 163–190.

669 The first salt works were established at Dennis, Cape Cod, in 1776. Afterwards several towns went into the business, Gloucester having three. Cf. 1 Proceedings Massachusetts Historical Society, xv. 224.

670 E. M. Stone, History of Beverly (1843), p. 83.

671 John Tittle (1735–1800).

672 Elisha Whitney was born at Watertown March 11, 1747; moved to Beverly in 1792; died February 22, 107.

673 Ichabod Groves, born in 1744, was a son or John and Catherine (Leach) Groves.

674 See p. 423 note 1, below.

675 Richard Ober (1745–1821), son of Richard and Lydia (Chapman) Ober.

676 Elias Smith (1744–1817).

677 Benjamin Ober (1751–1780) died abroad.

678 Asa Woodberry (1749–1830), son of Thomas and Lucy (Herrick) Woodberry.

679 Autobiography, Reminiscences and Letters (1841), p. 82.

680 Id. p. 87.

681 Ezra Ober (1747–1794), Bon of Richard and Lydia (Chapman) Ober.

682 William Tuck (1740–1784), son of William and Eliza (Sewall) Tuck.

683 “Lucas Johnson, midshipman on board His Majesty’s Ship Charlestown, being sworne declares that in the latter end of July last on their passages from Halifax to Spanish River in company with the Allegiance, Vulture and Jack and some transports under their convoy, being off of Spanish River, Seeing two French frigates, L’Astrea & Hermionné to Leward, Captain Evans . . . order’d the Deponent on board the Jack with orders to Capt. Tonge, . . . that the Jack was obliged to strike to the French frigates, and Deponent and the whole crew belonging to the Jack, were made prisoners and carried into Boston, that the Jack at that time carried ten nine pounders and four sixes, and was manned with sixty seven men, Richard Peter Tonge Commander, that the Deponent had seen the ship called the Jack (taken by Captain Crymes) . . . & knows her to be the same ship taken by L’Astrea & Hermionné” (Essex Institute Historical Collections, xlv. 182–183).

684 “Lucas Johnson, midshipman on board His Majesty’s Ship Charlestown, being sworne declares that in the latter end of July last on their passages from Halifax to Spanish River in company with the Allegiance, Vulture and Jack and some transports under their convoy, being off of Spanish River, Seeing two French frigates, L’Astrea & Hermionné to Leward, Captain Evans . . . order’d the Deponent on board the Jack with orders to Capt. Tonge, . . . that the Jack was obliged to strike to the French frigates, and Deponent and the whole crew belonging to the Jack, were made prisoners and carried into Boston, that the Jack at that time carried ten nine pounders and four sixes, and was manned with sixty seven men, Richard Peter Tonge Commander, that the Deponent had seen the ship called the Jack (taken by Captain Crymes) . . . & knows her to be the same ship taken by L’Astrea & Hermionné” (Essex Institute Historical Collections, xlv. 182–183).

685 A Relic of the Revolution, . . . By Charles Herbert, of Newburyport, Mass. Who was taken prisoner in the Brigantine Dolton, Dec, 1776, and served in the U. S. Frigate Alliance, 1779–80. 1847. This was compiled by R. Livesey, though his name is not on the title-page. In a later impression, dated 1854, the title was changed to “The Prisoners of 1776; A Relic of the Revolution. Compiled by the Rev. Richard Livesey from the Journal of Charles Herbert, of Newburyport, Mass., who was taken prisoner in the brigantine Dolton, Dec. 1776, and confined in Old Mill Prison, Plymouth, England.” The text of the two impressions appears to be identical, though the pagination is different.

686 The following extract from the Nathan Dane Papers, dated Beverly, December 2, 1781, shows that one man at least from Beverly served on the Bon Homme Richard and Alliance:

I, John Carrisco of Beverly, in the County of Essex, State of Mass., Mariner, constitute and appoint Nathan Dane my Attorney and hereby empower him to receive my wages and prize money due to me as a mariner on board the Good Man Richard, J. J. Jones, Commander, and also on board the Alliance, Peter Landais, Esq., Commander.”

Larkin Thorndike		Witnesses
John Thorndike

his

John Carisco

mark

687 Narrative of Remarkable Occurrences, In the Life of John Blatchford, Of Cape-Ann, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, . . . Taken from his own mouth. M, DCC, LXXX, VIII. In 1865 Charles I. Bushnell published an edition, with notes, entitled “The Narrative of John Blatchford, retailing His sufferings in the Revolutionary War, while a Prisoner with the British. Aa related by himself.”

688 On April 2, 1777, Benjamin Franklin and Silas Deane wrote to the English ambassador at Paris calling attention to the fact that American prisoners were being employed in English ships to fight against their own people and also sent to distant ports where they stood little chance of being exchanged.

689 Edited by Charles I. Bushnell in 1865.

690 Some other accounts may be mentioned.

An Account of the Interment of the Remains of 11,500 American Seamen, Soldiers and Citizens, who fell victims to the cruelties of the British, on board their prison ships at the Wallabout, During the American Revolution. 1808. This was reprinted with notes by Dr. Henry It. Stiles in 1865 in The Wallabout Prison Ship Series, No. 2.

Memoirs of Andrew Sherburne (2d ed., 1831), pp. 81–98, 109–119.
The Old Jersey Captive: or a Narrative of the Captivity of Thomas Andros (now pastor of the church in Berkley,) on board the Old Jersey Prison Ship at New York, 1781. 1833.
Review. The Tomb of the Martyrs, who died in dungeons and pestilential prison-ships, in and about the City of New-York, during the seven years of our Revolutionary War. By Benjamin Romaine, . . . 4th July, 1839.
The Adventures of Christopher Hawkins, . . . With an Introduction and Notes by Charles L Bushnell. 1864. (Written in 1834.)
Letters from the Prisons and Prison-Ships of the Revolution. With Notes by Henry R. Stiles, M. D. (The Wallabout Prison-Ship Series, No. 1.)
A Memoir of Eli Bickford, a Patriot of the Revolution. 1865. (Contains “The Prison-Ship Jersey. By Charles I. Bushnell,” pp. 13–15.)
1888. A Christmas Reminder. Being the names of above eight thousand persons, a small portion of the number confined on board the British prison ships during the War of the Revolution. With the Compliments of the Society of Old Brooklynites. 1888.
Horrors of the Prison Ships. Dr. [Charles E.] West’s Description of the Wallabout Floating Dungeons. How Captive Patriots Fared. 1895.
1776 Prison Ship Martyr Captain Jabez Fitch His Diary in Facsimile (1897 or 1903?)
Historical Society, Eliot, Maine, January, 1900. Old Mill Prison. Henry W. Fernald, Boston, Mass.
American Prisoners of the Revolution. By Danske Dandridge, . . . Charlottesville, Va., 1911. This is a book of ix, 504, pages, a bibliography being printed on pp. 503–504.

See also the New England Historical and Genealogical Register, xix. 74–75, 136–141, 209–213 (List of Americans committed to Old Mill Prison during the War), xxxii. 42–44, 184–188, 305–308, 395–398 (Journal of Samuel Cutler).

691 It is doubtful whether these bonds were often enforced, and, even if collected, they were too small for the purpose. The bond of the schooner Hammond, for example, was for £ 300 signed by Jacob Oliver as principal and Robert Shillaber as surety, that all prisoners taken at sea would be brought back into port for exchange. (Revolutionary Rolls, viii. 4.)

692 Massachusetts Archives, clxxvii. 301.

693 Massachusetts Archives, cxxvi. 226.

694 Force, 5 American Archives, iii. 602.

695 Revolutionary Rolls, ix. 74.

696 Genealogical and Personal Memoirs of Families of Boston.

697 Revolutionary Rolls, ix. 68.

698 Massachusetts Archives, cliii. 67.

699 New York Gazette and Mercury, February 2, 1778.

700 Massachusetts Archives, cxxv. 149.

701 Revolutionary Rolls, ix. 49.

702 New England Historical and Genealogical Register, xix. 74.

703 Massachusetts Archives, clxxxiv. 34.

704 Massachusetts Archives, cxxv. 419.

705 Samuel Cressy (1751–1782), son of Benjamin and Mehitable (Brown) Cressy.

706 Massachusetts Archives, clxxvii. 63.

707 The officers and petty officers of the Pilgrim August 14, 1780, were as follows: Joseph Robinson, Salem, commander; Jesse Allen, Manchester, 1st lieutenant; Benjamin Warren, Salem, 2nd lieutenant; Nicholas Garven, Boston, master; George Sugden, Beverly, master’s mate; John Dean, Salem, 2nd mate; J. L. Hammond, Salem, 3rd mate; Samuel Blanchard, Boston, surgeon; Nathaniel Otis, Salem, chaplain; William Curtis, master of marines; Moses Vose, John Harris, Francis Horton, Joseph Hudson, John Kelly, John Marsh, and Thomas Hogkins, all prize masters; Jonathan Glidden, Beverly, carpenter; William Foot, Salem, cooper; Joseph Johnson, Salem, doctor’s mate; John Turner, gunner; James Lyons, Marblehead, sailmaker; Jonathan McDowell, boatswain; Joseph Standly and William Vose, stewards. Of the crew only two, James Elliot and Richard Allen, were Beverly men. There were ten boys, one eleven, two twelve, two thirteen and five seventeen years or younger. Most of the crew were of foreign birth.

708 This report of the capture of the Pilgrim was probably incorrect. At all events the vessel, if captured, was not the Pilgrim of Beverly.

There is in existence a log kept by Dr. Josiah Bartlett while surgeon on the Pilgrim of Beverly from April 19, 1781, to July 23, 1782. This log will be printed in Vol. xxv. of the Publications of this Society.

709 With the exception of John Vickory, who was probably a Marblehead man, all the officers and most of the crew were from Beverly.

710 “Elsinore May 27, 1783. Yesterday arrived the first commercial ship which has appeared in our seas. She came from Boston bound for Riga” (Salem Gazette, August 1, 1783). As Capt. Fearson in the Buccanier sailed from France for the Baltic as soon as peace was declared, it is possible that this is the vessel meant and that Andrew Cabot had the honor of first showing our flag in those waters. In 1784 the Commerce, Capt. Tuck, reached St. Petersburg before the Light Horse and beat her on the return voyage.

711 The letters “L.M.” indicate “Letter of marque.”

712 There is some confusion between the names Langdell and Langden which the writer has been unable to unravel.

713 Boston, Beverly, and Salem are all given as the residence of a John Leach, and it is difficult to distinguish between them.

714 He was not installed until 1786.

715 Dartmouth Manuscripts. For permission to have the letter copied, I am indebted to the present Earl of Dartmouth.

716 Half Moon, at the junction of the Hudson and the Mohawk Rivers, is now Waterford, New York. For its location, see the map in our Publications, vii. 260.

717 Massachusetts Province Laws, xv. 682.

718 Massachusetts Province Laws, xvii. 188.

719 See pp. 165–175, above.

720 “At a Meeting of y^e Presid^t & Fellows Agreed that George Ball be admitted a Fellow-Commoner,” August 18, 1730, Faculty Records, i. 30.

721 It is sometimes said that Ball was born in Cambridge, but of this there is no proof and the statement is probably due to a misapprehension. The Class of 1734 was placed on September 22, 1730, when Ball was assigned to the fourth place. (Faculty Records, i. 32.) His age is given as 14, and his place of residence at entrance (but not necessarily of birth) as Cambridge. In an interleaved Triennial Catalogue he is said to have been a Captain in the British Navy during the Revolution. (Harvard Graduates’ Magazine, xxvi. 565.)

722 The fourteen incorporators of the Society are those whose names are found under the year 1892 on p. 469, below.

723 The Certificate of Change of Corporate Name is dated March 3, 1893.

724 The date in this column is that given on the title-page. If a volume was not distributed until the following year, the fact is stated in a footnote.

725 Volume I was distributed in the autumn of 1896.

726 Massachusetts Royal Commissions, 1681–1774.

727 Land-Bank and Silver-Bank Papers; Bibliography of the Massachusetts House Journals, 1715–1776; Bibliography of the Massachusetts Laws, 1641–1776.

728 Check-List of Boston Newspapers, 1704-1780.

729 Volume X was distributed in May, 1908.

730 Volume XVII was distributed in January, 1916.

731 Volume XIX was distributed in April, 1919.

732 Plymouth Church Records, 1620–1859, Part i.

733 Volume XXII was distributed in January, 1921.

734 Plymouth Church Records, 1620–1859, Part ii.

735 Volume XXIV contains the Transactions from January, 1920, to January, 1922, both included.

736 Harvard College Records (Corporation Records, 1636–1750).

737 Volume XXV begins with the meeting of February, 1922.

738 Massachusetts Royal Instructions.

739 For a note on the place of residence, see p. 469, below.

740 An asterisk (*) denotes death while a member; a dagger (†) indicates that membership has ceased either through resignation, removal to or from the State, or otherwise; a double dagger (‡) means transfer to another class of membership. The place of residence given is that where the member lived at the time of his election. The place of residence of each of the fourteen incorporators of the Society, though not given in the Transactions, is recorded in the Records of the Society. Curiously enough, however, the place of residence of no member elected in 1893 and of scarcely a member elected in 1894 is recorded either in the Council Records or in the Records of the Society, nor is it given in the Transactions. Hence the place of residence of those elected in 1893 and 1894 is somewhat conjectural.

741 Corresponding Member, 1899.